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Research on Fiber-Optic Sensing Technology of Short-Circuit Test Current
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摘要: 针对交、直流开关电器短路试验电流校准问题，提出光纤短路电流测量方法。建立了光纤电流传感器低频动态模型，通过时域、频域特性仿真确定了闭环检测系统的参数，并计算了传感器对直流和工频短路电流的响应，结果表明传感器的动态性能能够满足跟踪被测短路电流的要求。搭建了光纤电流传感器校准装置，校准结果表明：在直流5～300 kA、工频5～50 kA范围内，传感器样机的测量准确度优于0.2%。利用光纤电流传感器进行短路电流实验测试，并与目前普遍使用的分流器和罗氏线圈比较，结果表明：对于6～100 kA的直流短路电流，分流器与光纤电流传感器之间的相对误差小于0.3%；对于10～130 kA的工频短路电流，罗氏线圈与光纤电流传感器之间的相对误差不超过0.2%。研究工作为短路试验电流的测量提供了新的解决途径。Abstract: A fiber-optic short-circuit current sensing method is proposed in order to solve the short-circuit test current calibration problem for the AC and DC switch electric appliance. A low-frequency simplified dynamic model of the fiber-optic current sensor was established, and the parameters of the closed-loop signal-detection system were obtained according to the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics simulation results. The results show that the dynamic performance of the sensor can meet the requirements of tracking the measured short-circuit current. A fiber-optic current sensor calibration device was built, and the calibration results showed that the measurement accuracy of the sensor prototype was better than 0.2% in the range of 5 to 300 kA DC and 5 to 50 kA power frequency. The comparison tests of the AC short-circuit current between the fiber-optic current sensor and the common adopted Rogowski coil were performed. The results showed that for DC short-circuit currents from 6 to 100 kA, the relative error between the shunt and the fiber-optic current sensor was less than 0.3%. For the power frequency short-circuit currents from 10 to 130 kA, the relative error between the Rogowski coil and the fiber-optic current sensor does not exceed 0.2%. The research work provides a new solution for the short-circuit test current measurement.
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Key words:
- fiber-optic current sensor /
- short-circuit current /
- high-current measurement /
- shunt /
- Rogowski coil
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表 1 直流短路电流测量结果
Table 1. Test results for DC short-circuit current
光纤电流传感器/kA 分流器/kA 相对误差/% 5.852 5.847 −0.08 10.08 10.10 0.20 15.09 15.11 0.13 19.57 19.60 0.15 38.42 38.35 −0.18 44.82 44.82 0.00 60.12 60.23 0.18 79.55 79.71 0.20 106.8 107.1 0.28 
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表 2 工频短路电流测量结果
Table 2. Test results for AC short-circuit current
光纤电流传感器/kA 罗氏线圈/kA 相对误差/% 10.22 10.21 −0.10 20.05 20.08 0.15 30.45 30.51 0.20 40.95 40.95 0.00 51.78 51.78 0.00 63.32 63.37 0.08 82.08 82.13 0.06 110.1 110.1 0.00 131.8 131.6 −0.15
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