碳质气溶胶标准物质研究进展与方向

刘悦; 肖骥; 刘俊杰

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0627

碳质气溶胶标准物质研究进展与方向

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0627

中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029

基金项目: 国家质量基础的共性技术研究与应用项目（2017YFF0205303）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘悦（1993-），中国计量科学研究院在站博士后，研究方向：碳质气溶胶计量，邮箱：liu-yue@nim.ac.cn

通讯作者:
刘俊杰（1975-），中国计量科学研究院副研究员，研究方向：颗粒物计量，邮箱：liujj@nim.ac.cn

计量
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出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-29

Research Progress and Direction of Carbonaceous Aerosol Reference Materials

National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 碳质气溶胶对气候与环境污染均具有重要影响，对碳质气溶胶的准确测量能够有效降低气溶胶辐射强迫评估以及大气来源解析等结果的不确定性，进一步为国内外制定相应的应对气候变化及减排的政策提供科学依据。本文综述了国内外碳质气溶胶的测量方法及影响因素，重点对现有标准方法及标准物质的研究进展与不足进行梳理总结，指出了碳质气溶胶标准物质研制方面的空白与需求。在此基础上，本文进一步从标准物质溯源性、有机碳元素碳典型代表物质的选取、OC/EC混合标准物质的配置以及碳酸盐碳的影响等多个方面指出了未来的研究方向和难点，为碳质气溶胶标准物质的深入研究提供参考。
- 碳质气溶胶 /
- 标准方法 /
- 标准物质 /
- 实验室模拟
Abstract: Carbonaceous aerosols have a significant impact on climate change and environmental pollution. The accurate measurement of carbonaceous aerosols can effectively reduce the uncertainty of aerosol radiative forcing estimation and atmospheric source apportionment, and further provide scientific support for government control policies to address climate change and reduction of source emission. This paper reviews the measurement methods and influencing factors of carbonaceous aerosols at home and abroad, focuses on the research progress and limitations of existing standard protocols and reference materials, and points out the gaps and needs in the development of carbonaceous aerosol reference materials. On this basis, this paper further proposes future research directions and difficulties from various aspects, including the traceability of reference materials, the selection of representative species of organic carbon and elemental carbon, the configuration of OC/EC mixed reference materials, and the impact of carbonate carbon, which provide references for the in-depth research of carbonaceous aerosol reference materials.
- carbonaceous aerosol /
- standardized protocols /
- reference materials /
- laboratory-produced

HTML全文

图 1 不同实验室标准蔗糖溶液测量结果比对^[17]

Figure 1. Comparison of standardized sucrose solution measurement results in different laboratories^[17]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 EUSAAR_2、NIOSH870及IMPROVE_A方法的碳质气溶胶测量结果比对^[23]

Figure 2. Comparison of carbonaceous aerosol measurement results by EUSAAR_2, NIOSH870 and IMPROVE_A protocols^[23]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同实验室（DRI、DRI2、SLI、NIST）对NIST RM 8785的测量结果比对^[29]

Figure 3. Comparison of NIST RM 8785 measurement results from different laboratories (DRI, DRI2, SLI, NIST)^[29]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 实验室模拟制备碳质气溶胶标准物质示意图^[30]

Figure 4. Schematic of generation system of OC–EC reference materials^[30]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 碳质气溶胶标准方法主要参数对比^[22-24]

Table 1. Comparison of major parameters of different protocols for carbonaceous aerosol measurement^[22-24]

	NIOSH	NIOSH 5040	IMPROVE	IMPROVE_A	EUSAAR_2
步骤	温度（℃），停留时间（s）
He₁	310, 60	250, 60	120, 150 ~ 580	140, 150 ~ 580	200, 120
He₂	475, 60	500, 60	250, 150 ~ 580	280, 150 ~ 580	300, 150
He₃	615, 60	650, 60	450, 150 ~ 580	480, 150 ~ 580	450, 180
He₄	900, 90	850, 90	550, 150 ~ 580	580, 150 ~ 580	650, 180
(He/O₂)₁	600, 45	650, 30	550, 150 ~ 580	580, 150 ~ 580	500, 120
(He/O₂)₂	675, 45	750, 30	700, 150 ~ 580	740, 150 ~ 580	550, 120
(He/O₂)₃	750, 45	850, 30	800, 150 ~ 580	840, 150 ~ 580	700, 70
(He/O₂)₄	825, 45	940, 120	—	—	850, 80
(He/O₂)₅	920, 120	—	—	—	—

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