基于近红外光谱技术的油品快检方法研究进展

李轲; 杜彪; 肖哲; 陈晓翔; 李琪; 郭小岩; 李庆武; 张正东

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0141

基于近红外光谱技术的油品快检方法研究进展

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0141

李轲^1,,
杜彪²,
肖哲³,
陈晓翔²,
李琪¹,
郭小岩³,
李庆武¹,
张正东^1, ,

1.
中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029
2.
北京易兴元石化科技有限公司，北京 101301
3.
辽宁省计量科学研究院，沈阳 110004

基金项目: 国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目（2021MK153）；中国计量科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（AKYZZ2131、AKYZZ2234）；院企横向科研项目（JSFW2102、KYH2206）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李轲（1990-），中国计量科学研究院助理研究员，研究方向：化学计量，邮箱：like@nim.ac.cn

通讯作者:
张正东（1976- ），中国计量科学研究院副研究员，研究方向：化学计量，邮箱：zhangzhengdong@nim.ac.cn

计量
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-15
- 录用日期: 2022-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-18

Research Progress of Rapid Oil Detection Method Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy

1.
National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
2.
Beijing Yixingyuan Petrochemical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 101301, China
3.
Liaoning Institute of Metrology, Shenyang 110004, China

摘要

摘要: 汽油和柴油是社会生产中应用广泛的石化产品，汽、柴油理化性质的合格与否决定了内燃机能否维持正常运转，以及其尾气排放是否达标。作为一种快速、高效、准确、绿色的分析方法，近红外光谱技术已经应用到汽、柴油部分理化性质的分析中。为了提高近红外光谱技术分析油品性质的效果，促进该技术的发展，对近红外光谱技术在汽、柴油典型理化性质指标检测中的应用、基于近红外光谱技术的数据融合方法以及近红外油品分析仪的研制进行了综述，并阐述了近红外光谱油品分析技术的重要发展方向。
- 近红外光谱 /
- 汽油 /
- 柴油 /
- 数据融合 /
- 近红外油品分析仪 /
- 油品快速分析
Abstract: Gasoline and diesel are widely used petrochemical products in social production. The physicochemical property of gasoline and diesel determines whether the internal combustion engine can maintain normal operation and whether its exhaust emissions meet the standards. As a fast, efficient, accurate, and green analysis method, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been applied to analyze the part of the physicochemical properties of gasoline and diesel. To improve the effect of NIRS in analyzing oil properties and promote the development of this technology, the application of NIRS technology in the detection of typical physicochemical properties of gasoline and diesel, data fusion method based on NIRS, and the development of NIR oil analyzer were reviewed, and the important development directions of NIRS analysis technology were described.
- near infrared spectroscopy /
- gasoline /
- diesel /
- data fusion /
- near infrared oil analyzer /
- oil rapid analysis

HTML全文

图 1 短波近红外光谱仪示意图

注: (a)二色灯；(b)长通滤波器；(c)样品槽；(d)入口狭缝；(e)凹透镜；(f)衍射光栅；(g)光电二极管阵列。

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the short-wave NIRS

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图 2 中国计量科学研究院研发的近红外光谱仪实物图

Figure 2. The picture of the NIRS developed by the National Institute of Metrology

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图 3 便携式燃料分析仪

Figure 3. Portable fuel analyzer

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图 4 中国计量科学研究院研发的便携式近红外光谱仪实物图

Figure 4. The picture of portable NIRS developed by the National Institute of Metrology

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 基于漫反射原理的近红外光谱分析方法

Figure 5. NIRS analysis method based on diffuse reflection principle

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表 1 同时分析多种汽、柴油性质指标的近红外光谱快检方法

Table 1. The NIRS detection method to analyze the multiple properties of gasoline and diesel simultaneously

性质指标	建模方法	样品数量	年份	参考文献
汽油辛烷值、蒸汽压、密度、芳烃含量、苯含量、甲基叔丁基醚含量、10%和50%蒸馏温度	主成分分析和偏最小二乘法	300	1997	[18]
柴油闪点、汽油苯含量和辛烷值	偏最小二乘法	249汽油样品、128柴油样品	2005	[19]
生物柴油碘值、冷凝点、黏度和密度	偏最小二乘法	91～311	2008	[20]
生物柴油密度、黏度、甲醇含量和水含量	多元线性回归和偏最小二乘回归	612	2011	[21]
生物柴油馏程、碘值和冷滤点	人工神经网络	609	2011	[22]
甲醇、乙醇、甲基叔丁基醚、甲缩醛和N,N-二甲基苯胺等10种含氧化合物及添加剂	斜投影算法和一元回归标准曲线	10	2015	[23]
柴油十六烷值、50%回收温度、凝点、黏度、密度和芳烃含量和硫含量	监督距离保持投影(SDPP)算法	150	2015	[24]
汽油辛烷值、烯烃含量、芳烃含量、苯含量、氧含量、甲基叔丁基醚含量、密度、蒸汽压和馏程	支持向量机	498	2020	[25]
柴油馏程、密度、芳烃含量和黏度	偏最小二乘法	395	2021	[26]
汽油密度、蒸汽压、馏程、辛烷值、芳烃含量、烯烃含量、苯含量、氧含量和甲基叔丁基醚含量	偏最小二乘法	404～482	2022	[27]

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表 2 不同分子光谱技术用于油品分析的技术特点

Table 2. The technical characteristics of different molecular spectrometry technology for oil analysis

	近红外光谱	中红外光谱	紫外-可见光谱	拉曼光谱	核磁共振波谱
机理	含氢化学键振动的倍频和组合频信息	化学键振动的基频信息	产生于物质分子的价电子和分子轨道上的电子在电子能级的跃迁	光与物质作用产生的分布在瑞利散射光两侧的非弹性光散射效应	在高磁场环境下，原子核对射频辐射的吸收现象
检测范围	含氢基团化合物	油品中几乎所有的有机化合物	含有不饱和官能团或者共轭体系的有机化合物	烃类、醇类、醚类及其他化合物	含氢基团化合物
建模特点	油品物化性质及红外谱图，样本数量多，建模时间较短	油品物化性质及红外谱图，样本数量多，建模时间较短	油品物化性质及紫外可见光谱图，样本数量多，建模时间较长	需要数量充足且具有代表性的样品拉曼谱图及物化性质，建模时间较长	需要大量样品数据，建模时间长
分析速度	快	快	较快	较快	较快

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