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Research on Calibration of Resistance Tube Based on Acoustic Simulation
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摘要: 阻抗管（传递函数法）吸声系数测量误差的校准采用标准试样法，管中宽带声源产生平面波的激励，通过测量两传声器响应信号的传递函数计算得到标准试样的吸声系数，计算与标准试样标准值的差值得到吸声系数的测量误差。在校准中，阻抗管的工作频率范围与标准试样证书中的校准频率范围并不一致，因此在开展阻抗管吸声系数测量误差校准前，需要确定阻抗管工作频率范围，进而确定校准的频率范围，避免造成校准结果的误判。对阻抗管中产生平面波声场的截止频率进行理论分析和仿真计算，并对两种不同管径（边长）、不同传声器间距的阻抗管的吸声系数进行仿真计算，通过仿真计算得出了阻抗管管径（边长）、传声器间距与频率范围之间的数学模型，通过该数学模型能够对阻抗管吸声系数测量误差的校准工作提供一定的指导和借鉴。Abstract: The calibration of the measurement error of the sound absorption coefficient, using the impedance tube (transfer function method), employs the standard sample method. The excitation of a plane wave is produced by the broadband sound source within the tube. By measuring the transfer function of the response signals of two transducers, the sound absorption coefficient of the standard sample is determined. The measurement error of the sound absorption coefficient is then deduced by comparing this with the standard value of the standard sample. As the operating frequency range of the impedance tube under calibration may not correspond with the calibration frequency range mentioned in the certificate of the standard sample, it is essential to determine the impedance tube's working frequency range prior to calibration. This further aids in establishing the calibration frequency range, thereby avoiding calibration result inaccuracies. This study encompasses a theoretical analysis and simulation of the cut-off frequency of the plane wave sound field generated within the impedance tube, and a simulation of the sound absorption coefficient of two impedance tubes with distinct diameters (or side lengths) and varied transducer spacing. A mathematical model that establishes a relationship between the tube diameter (or side length), transducer spacing, and frequency range has been derived from these simulations. This model serves as a useful tool providing guidance for the calibration of the measurement error of the impedance tube's sound absorption coefficient.
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Key words:
- metrology /
- impedance tube /
- calibration /
- tube diameter /
- transducer spacing /
- acoustic simulation
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图 7 阻抗管吸声系数校准示意图
Figure 7. Schematic of impedance tube sound absorption coefficient calibration
图 8 圆形管两种管径不同间距仿真结果
Figure 8. Simulation results for circular tube with varying diameters and spacings
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