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In-Situ Spectral Measurement and Study of Pantograph-Catenary Arcing in Subway Systems
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摘要: 为更好地满足我国地铁轨道交通弓网系统动态及性能检测核心项目——弓网燃弧标准检测需求，提高检测的准确有效性，建立了基于光纤光谱仪的弓网燃弧光谱原位测试系统，用于实时测量地铁运行中瞬时不定期发生的弓网燃弧特征光谱。介绍了地铁弓网燃弧光谱原位测试系统的设计及其实验室波长准确性定标，并在此基础上开展了地铁运行现场实时试验。以北京地铁某路线的原位实时测试数据为例，结合列车运行监测参数，提取并分析其弓网燃弧特征光谱。数据结果表明，我国地铁弓网燃弧特征光谱区别于自然太阳光和普通照明光源的显著特征光谱在 220～225 nm，峰值波长在224.6 nm。研究结果对于解决目前国际国内标准与学术文章在光谱特征波长方面的分歧提供了实测数据依据，对我国地铁弓网燃弧监测系统的选型和研制以及标定，均具有重要指导意义。Abstract: To enhance the dynamic and performance testing of subway pantograph-catenary systems, particularly in the standard measurement of arcing, a fiber optic spectrometer-based in-situ spectral testing system has been developed. This system is designed for real-time measurement of the characteristic spectra of spontaneous and intermittent arcing in subway operations. This paper presents the design and laboratory wavelength calibration of the subway pantograph-catenary arcing spectral in-situ testing system. Subsequently, real-time experiments were conducted at subway operation sites. By using in-situ measurement data from a specific Beijing subway line and integrating train operation monitoring parameters, the characteristic spectra of pantograph-catenary arcing were extracted and analyzed. The results indicate distinct spectral features of subway arcing, differing from natural sunlight and ordinary lighting, in the range of 220–225 nm with a peak wavelength at 224.6 nm. These findings provide empirical data to address discrepancies in spectral characteristic wavelengths between international and national standards and academic papers, offering significant guidance for the selection, development, and calibration of China’s subway pantograph-catenary arcing monitoring systems.
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Key words:
- metrology /
- pantograph-catenary arcing /
- characteristic spectra /
- in-situ measurement /
- ultraviolet /
- peak wavelength
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图 1 地铁弓网燃弧光谱原位测试系统示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the in-situ spectral testing system for subway pantograph-catenary arcing
图 2 列车运行过程中燃弧的可见（左）和红外（右）照片
Figure 2. Visible (left) and infrared (right) images of arcing during train operation
图 3 试验过程中所用燃弧探测器的光谱响应度曲线
Figure 3. Spectral response curve of the arcing detector used in the experiment
图 4 列车运行过程中实时采集的典型光谱曲线
Figure 4. Typical spectral curves captured in real-time during train operation
图 5 列车上行弓网燃弧时间监测数据
Figure 5. Monitoring data of upward pantograph network arcing time during train operation
图 6 列车下行弓网燃弧时间监测数据
Figure 6. Monitoring data of downward pantograph network arcing time during train operation
图 7 原位实测燃弧光谱与标准AM1.5G太阳光谱对比图
Figure 7. Comparison of in-situ measured arcing spectrum with standard AM1.5G solar spectrum
表 1 现场实验用光谱仪测量值与标准谱线标准值之间的对比
Table 1. Comparison between on-site spectrometer measurements and standard spectral line values
标准值/nm 1#光谱仪
测量值/nm2#光谱仪
测量值/nm1#光谱仪
偏差/nm2#光谱仪
偏差/nm253.6 253.4 253.4 −0.2 −0.2 312.6 313.2 313.2 0.6 0.6 404.6 404.6 404.6 0.0 0.0 435.8 435.9 435.9 0.1 0.1 546.1 546.0 546.0 −0.1 −0.1 579.1 578.0 578.0 −1.1 −1.1 
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