煤富氧燃烧发电项目碳减排方法学研究

谢辉; 李阳海; 熊卓; 王萍萍; 张军营; 赵永椿

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2024.0038

煤富氧燃烧发电项目碳减排方法学研究

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2024.0038

1.
华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室，武汉 430074
2.
国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，武汉 430077

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2021YFF0601000）。

详细信息

作者简介:
谢辉（1999-），华中科技大学在读研究生，研究方向：清洁能源技术，邮箱：m202271251@hust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
熊卓（1989-），华中科技大学讲师，研究方向：碳捕集、转化与利用，邮箱：zxiong@hust.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-08
- 录用日期: 2024-07-16
- 修回日期: 2024-07-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-26

Methodological Study of Carbon Emission Reduction for Coal Oxy-Fuel Combustion Power Generation Project

1.
National Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion and Low Carbon Utilization, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Electric Power Research Institute of Hubei Electric Power Company Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China

摘要

摘要: 煤富氧燃烧技术对于燃煤发电高效降碳极具现实意义，然而对于煤富氧燃烧发电项目碳减排量尚无明确核算方法。参考清洁发展机制（CDM）工作规范和温室气体减排方法学一般思路，通过确定基准线情景，建立核算边界，根据碳排放特点按照固定源燃烧和烟气脱硫过程两个阶段进行了碳排放计算；利用方法学工具对煤富氧燃烧发电项目进行了额外性论证，结果表明，项目活动仍需要相关碳减排、碳交易政策的支持方能维系，离成熟商业化运营还有较大发展差距，项目活动具有额外性；结合碳流与核算方法实际应用场景，确定了项目活动过程中碳排放主体核算过程，为煤富氧燃烧发电项目碳减排核证、碳交易政策的制定提供了碳减排量核算方法学支撑。最后，应用该方法计算了2×300 MW燃煤发电机组进行富氧燃烧技术改造后产生的年碳减排量可达百万吨级。
- 计量学 /
- 燃煤电厂 /
- 富氧燃烧 /
- 核算边界 /
- 碳排放核算 /
- 碳减排方法学
Abstract: Coal oxy-fuel combustion technology is of great practical significance for efficient carbon reduction in coal-fired power generation. However, there is no clear accounting method for carbon emission reduction in coal oxy-fuel combustion generation project. This study refers to the norms of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and the general ideas of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction methodology, and establishes the accounting boundary by determining the baseline scenario. Then the author calculates the carbon emission according to the characteristics of the carbon emission in accordance with the two phases of stationary source combustion and flue gas desulphurization. After that, the author uses the methodology tools to demonstrate the additionality of the coal oxy-fuel combustion generation project, and the results show that the project activity still needs the support of the relevant carbon emission reduction and trading policies to be sustained, which is still far from the mature commercial operation. The project activity has additionality. Combing with the practical application scenario of the carbon flow and accounting methodology, it determines the main accounting process of carbon emission in the process of the project activity, and provides methodological support for the verification of carbon emission reduction in coal oxy-fuel combustion generation projects and the formulation of carbon trading policies. Finally, the methodology is applied to calculate the annual carbon emission reductions of up to one million tones generated by the retrofit of 2×300 MW coal-fired generating units with oxy-fuel combustion technology.
- metrology /
- coal-fired power plants /
- oxy-fuel combustion /
- accounting boundary /
- carbon emission accounting /
- carbon reduction methodology

HTML全文

图 1 常规燃煤电厂烟气侧流程图

Figure 1. Flue gas side flow diagram of a conventional coal-fired power plant

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图 2 富氧燃烧项目烟气侧流程图

Figure 2. Flue gas side flow diagram for oxy-fuel project

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图 3 基准线边界和项目边界

Figure 3. Baseline boundary and project boundary

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 边界内包括或者不包括的温室气体种类

Table 1. GHG categories included or excluded from the boundary

	排放源	温室气体种类	是否包括	理由
基准线	燃料固定燃烧的基准线排放量	CO₂	是	燃煤电厂烟气重要成分
		CH₄	否	与主要排放源相比占比可忽略不计
		N₂O	否	经脱硝装置被脱除，排放量可忽略
	脱硫过程直接排放	CO₂	是	主要排放与核算气体
项目活动	燃料固定燃烧的项目排放量	CO₂	是	烟气主要成分，项目活动不能100%捕集
		CH₄	否	与主要排放源相比占比可忽略不计
		N₂O	否	与主要排放源相比占比可忽略不计
	脱硫过程直接排放	CO₂	是	主要排放与核算气体

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表 2 2×300 MW燃煤电厂在空气气氛与富氧气氛下两种工况参数

Table 2. Parameters of 2×300 MW coal-fired power plant in air atmosphere and oxy-fuel atmosphere under two operating conditions

参数	符号	空气工况	富氧燃烧
消耗的原煤量（t/a）	W_coal	1075200	1024100
燃料收到基加权平均含碳量（wt%）	C_ar	62.45	62.45
燃料收到基灰分（wt%）	A_ar	22.30	22.30
灰渣平均含碳量（wt%）	H	3.04	2.57
脱硫剂的消耗量（t/a）	W_de	26853.12	25576.90
脱硫剂中碳酸盐含量（wt%）	H_car	90	90
脱硫转化效率（%）	η_de	100	100
完全转化时脱硫过程排放因子（tCO₂/t）	k_de	0.44	0.44
上网电量（MWh）	G	3348000	2455000

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表 3 碳排放计算结果

Table 3. Carbon emission calculation results

碳排放/碳捕集	符号	空气工况	富氧燃烧
固定燃烧排放（t/a）	E_FC	2435302.48	2323497.85
脱硫过程排放（t/a）	E_FGD	10633.84	10128.45
捕集量（t/a）	W_COM	-	1652000
总排放量（t/a）	E_y	2445936.32	681626.30
单位上网电力排放（t/MWh）	e_y	0.73	0.28
总减排量（t/a）	ER_y	-	1111914.22

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