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Research on key technology of calibration of Spirometer Syringes capacity
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摘要: 为更好地实现肺功能仪用定标筒（以下称为定标筒）的量值溯源，开展了定标筒容量校准方法研究和校准装置研制。通过测量定标筒活塞杆缓缓抽出产生负压吸入称量筒内的纯水质量，以及测量开始、结束时称量筒和定标筒的大气的温度、湿度、压力等参数计算吸入的纯水体积V201，应用范德华方程计算开始、结束时的空气体积，计算体积之差得到容量测量结果的修正值ΔV，从而得到标准温度下定标筒的容量V20。对标称容量为1 L和3 L的定标筒进行容量测量，多组测量结果的重复性均小于0.06%，测量不确定度均小于0.1%（k=2）。与常规静力称量法容量测量结果的差值均在0.05%以内，证实定标筒容量校准装置的容量测量结果与常规静力称量法的容量测量结果等效。采用的容量校准方法和校准装置，满足对容量测量要求为重复性0.05%、允差为±0.5%的定标筒开展容量校准的要求；也将为密闭腔体容积校准规范的编写提供重要的技术支撑。Abstract: To better realize the traceability of the Spirometer Syringes used in spirometry (hereinafter referred to as Syringes), the research on the method of calibrating the capacity of the Syringes and the development of the calibration device have been conducted. The volume V20 of the Syringes at standard temperature is obtained by using the developed calibration device, which is calibrated on the negative pressure principle by measuring the mass of pure water inhaled into the weighing cylinder by the piston rod of the Syringes slowly withdrawn to generate negative pressure, as well as by measuring the temperature, humidity, and pressure of the atmosphere in the weighing cylinder and calibration cylinder at the beginning and end of the measurement. The volume of pure water drawn in is calculated as V201, the volume of air at the beginning and end of the measurement is calculated by applying van der Waals' formula, and the difference in volume is calculated to obtain a correction value of ΔV for the volumetric measurement, and the sum of V201 and ΔV is V20. Volume measurements were carried out on Syringes with nominal capacities of 1 L and 3 L. The repeatability of the results of several sets of measurements was less than 0.06%, and the measurement uncertainty was less than 0.1% (k=2); the difference between the results of the volume measurements and those of the conventional static weighing method was within 0.05%, confirming that the measurements of the calibrated device were equivalent to those of the conventional static weighing method.. The calibration method and calibration device in this paper satisfy the requirements of carrying out capacity calibration for Syringes with a capacity measurement requirement of 0.05% repeatability and a tolerance of ±0.5%, and will also provide an important technical support for the preparation of the calibration specification for the volume of confined cavities.
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Key words:
- metrology /
- spirometer syringes /
- van der waals' equation /
- volume calibration /
- traceability
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表 1 1000 mL定标筒测量结果
Table 1. Volume measurements of 1000 mL syringes
组号 第1组/mL 第2组/mL 第3组/mL $ \bar{V} $ 1000.14 1000.05 999.93 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 1000.82 1000.57 1000.82 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ 999.62 999.52 999.52 S(Vi) 0.47 0.42 0.51 U（k=2） 0.99 0.97 0.98 
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表 2 3000 mL定标筒测量结果
Table 2. Volume measurements of 3000 mL syringes
组号 第1组/mL 第2组/mL 第3组/mL $ \bar{V} $ 3000.35 3001.79 3001.17 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 3002.31 3002.83 3002.77 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ 2998.21 3000.04 2999.67 S(Vi) 1.62 1.10 1.23 U（k=2） 1.34 1.18 1.23
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表 3 2个定标筒的容量值
Table 3. Volume measurements of 2 syringes
组号 1000 mL/mL 3000 mL/mL $ \bar{V} $ 1000.13 3001.27 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 1000.85 3002.55 $ {V}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ 999.67 2999.82 S(Vi) 0.36 0.94 U（k=2） 0.50 0.75
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表 4 定标筒容量测量结果比较
Table 4. Comparison of syringes volume measurements
比较项目 标称容量1000 mL/mL 标称容量3000 mL/mL $ \stackrel{-}{V} $ 0.20 0.92 S(xi) 0. 15 0.68
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