CO<sub>2</sub>检测方法研究现状

彭志祥; 潘冠福; 武彤; 徐定华; 邱琳; 杭晨哲

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2024.0079

CO₂检测方法研究现状

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2024.0079

彭志祥^{1, 2,},
潘冠福^1, ,,
武彤¹,
徐定华¹,
邱琳^2, ,,
杭晨哲¹

1.
中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029
2.
北京科技大学，北京 100083

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2022YFF0608102）。

详细信息

作者简介:
彭志祥（2001-），北京科技大学硕士研究生，研究方向：燃烧化学、热能工程，邮箱：pengzx0621@163.com

通讯作者:
潘冠福（1988-），中国计量科学研究院副研究员，研究方向：燃烧化学、催化燃烧，邮箱：pangf@nim.ac.cn

邱琳（1985-），北京科技大学教授，研究方向：先进材料热物性评价方法及热输运机理、相变储热材料优化设计及制备，邮箱：qiulin@ustb.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-12
- 录用日期: 2024-03-20
- 修回日期: 2024-03-28
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-19

Research status of CO₂ detection methods

PENG Zhixiang^{1, 2
,},
PAN Guanfu^{1
, ,},
WU Tong¹,
XU Dinghua¹,
QIU Lin^{2
, ,},
HANG Chenzhe¹

1.
National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
2.
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: CO₂是一种重要的温室气体，它对地球环境和人类健康等多方面造成危害。随着工业化、城市化和能源消耗的增加，大气中CO₂等温室气体的排放量持续增加，引发了人类对全球气候变化的担忧。因此，对CO₂浓度进行检测变得至关重要。目前，碳排放计算方法主要有检测法与核算法两类。与核算法相比，检测法具有精度高、能够实时监测的优点，且更利于指导机组低碳改造和运行。主要介绍了现有的CO₂主要检测方法，包括化学分析法和物理光学分析法两类。化学分析法主要有电位滴定法、化学吸收法、气敏传感技术、气相色谱法和质谱法等；物理光学分析法有光腔衰荡光谱法、离轴积分腔吸收光谱法、非分散红外吸收光谱法、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析、可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱法等。传统化学分析法更适合复杂组分的精确检测，但通常不适合用于长周期在线检测。随着计算机技术和光学检测技术的快速发展，新兴的物理光学检测技术逐渐发挥出更大的优势。通过对检测方法的总结与分析，有助于研究人员选择合适的CO₂检测方法和为相关行业提供数据支持，有助于开发高灵敏度、高精度的碳计量与检测设备，助力双碳政策实施和环境空气质量控制。
- 计量学 /
- CO₂ /
- 碳排放 /
- 检测 /
- 化学分析 /
- 物理光学分析 /
- 碳计量
Abstract: CO₂ is an important greenhouse gas that poses a multifaceted hazard to the Earth's environment and human health. With the increase of industrialization, urbanization and energy consumption, the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO₂ in the atmosphere has continued to increase, raising concerns about global climate change. Therefore, the detection of CO₂ concentration has become crucial. Currently, there are two main types of carbon emission measurement methods which are testing method and the accounting method. The testing method has the advantages of high precision, real-time monitoring, more conducive to guiding the low-carbon transformation and operation of the unit comparing with the accounting method. This paper mainly introduces the existing main detection method of CO₂. It mainly includes chemical analysis methods and physical optical analysis method. Chemical analysis method mainly includes potentiometric titration method, chemical absorption method, gas-sensitive sensing technology, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, etc. The physical optical analysis method includes cavity ring-down spectroscopy, off-axis integration cavity output spectrometry, non-dispersive infrared absorption spectrometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, etc. The traditional chemical analysis is more suitable for accurate detection of complex components, but usually not suitable for long period on-line detection. With the rapid development of computer technology and optical detection technology, the emerging physical optical detection technology gradually plays a greater advantage. The paper summarises and analyses the various detection methods that can help researcher to select suitable CO₂ detection methods and provide data support for related industries; it also can help develop high-sensitivity and high-precision CO₂ metrology and detection equipments, which can help to implement the dual-carbon policy and control the ambient air quality.
- metrology /
- CO₂ /
- carbon emission /
- detection /
- chemical analysis /
- physical optics analysis /
- carbon metrology

HTML全文

图 1 TDLAS直接吸收测量原理图

Figure 1. TDLAS Direct absorption measurement schematic

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 CO₂检测方法比较

Table 1. Comparison of CO₂ detection methods

方法名称		使用场景	测量范围/ppm	误差	成本	响应时间/s
化学分析法	电位滴定法^[8]	实验室	30-180	5-10%	低	>3600
	气敏传感器技术^{[14 − 18]}	现场	150-1500	±2%FS	较低	≤75
	气相色谱^[19]	实验室	380-480	5%	较高	138
	质谱法^[22,27]	实验室	≥20	3-5%	较高	0.1
物理光学分析法	傅里叶变化光谱技术^{[31 − 32]}	实验室	≥4	≤2%	高	0.1
	非分散红外吸收光谱^{[34 − 36]}	现场	≥2.4	≤3.5%	较高	≤13
	离轴积分腔吸收光谱技术^{[43 − 45]}	实验室	≥0.1	≤1%	高	0.8
	光腔衰荡光谱技术^{[48 − 49]}	实验室	≥0.1	≤1%	高	10
	可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱法^{[53 − 54]}	实验室	≥0.52	≤2%	适中	1.6

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