Abstract: The impedance head is a sensor widely used in the fields of vibration and acoustics. Due to its integration of force and acceleration measurements, it has a relatively complex structure, and its calibration results are greatly affected by the calibration conditions. Aiming at the problem of impedance head calibration, this paper systematically reviews the physical characteristics, working principles, and main calibration parameters of impedance heads, and provides an in-depth evaluation of the implementation procedures and advantages and disadvantages of existing typical calibration methods, with a focus on analyzing the differences among these methods in terms of sensitivity accuracy, applicable frequency range, and operational simplicity. In addition, this paper further explores the influence mechanisms of factors such as additional mass, excitation methods, and structural coupling on calibration results. Finally, the calibration capabilities of major national metrology institutes are summarized, providing a reference for the future development of impedance head calibration methods in China.