Abstract: Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is a mass-produced and widely used brominated flame retardant, which is a new type of persistent organic pollutant. HBCDs are widely distributed in the environment and their contents span a wide range, and accurate analysis and determination of their contents in environmental media are of great significance for environmental pollution control. This paper summarized the pollution distribution of HBCDs in sediments across China. Based on literature research, the key techniques of pretreatment, separation, and detection of HBCDs in sediments and related matrices were compared and analyzed. In addition, by investigating the source of HBCDs reference materials, the traceability of HBCDs for accurate quantification was discussed, and the future measurement and monitoring work of HBCDs was put forward.