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Vol. 68, No. 10 10 2024
monthly CN 10-1696/TB ISSN 2096-9015
Articles in press have been peer-reviewed and accepted, which are not yet assigned to volumes /issues, but are citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
Display Method:
Abstract:
The color analyzer (color luminance meter) is widely employed in the brightness and chromaticity measurements of display production lines due to its low cost, simple structure, stable performance, and capability for rapid measurements. However, inherent issues such as spectral mismatch persists in color analyzers.Additionally, the adoption of appropriate calibration methods and the correct selection of the standard displays significantly impact the accuracy of measurement results. This paper evaluates and compares the applicability and accuracy of the single-point calibration method and the four-color matrix calibration method in calibrating display-used color analyzers. The results indicate that the four-color matrix calibration method is more suitable for calibrating display-used color analyzers .
Abstract:
The reference leak used for calibration of halogen leak detectors has always had a high degree of uncertainty. In order to reduce the uncertainty of halogen leak rate values, a method for reproducing leak rate based on gas reference material was proposed. The conversion relationship between gas concentration and leak rate under specific conditions was obtained through formula derivation and verified through experiments. The results showed that the consistency between the reproduced leak rate and the standard leak rate measured by halogen leak detector was excellent (the normalized deviations of the two experiments were 0.41 and 0.21). The components of uncertainty of the reproduced leak rate were analyzed, including gas reference material, inhale flow, temperature, pressure, molar mass and gas constant. After calculation and synthesis, the relative expanded uncertainty of the reproduction leakage rate based on gas reference material was obtained as 2.5% (k=2), which is significantly lower than that of common reference leak, also the method has good operability.
Abstract:
This study evaluates the uncertainty in the determination of gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity in drinking water using the thick source method. Following the GB/T 5750.13-2023 "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water Part 13: Radioactivity Index," gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity in drinking water were measured. The measurement repeatability was considered as type A uncertainty, while factors such as count rate, residue mass, water sample volume, instrument detection efficiency, and recovery rate were considered as type B uncertainties. The measured concentrations of gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity were 0.66 Bq/L and 0.48 Bq/L, respectively, with relative combined standard uncertainties of 6.0% and 5.7%, and expanded uncertainties of 0.08 Bq/L and 0.06 Bq/L. The uncertainty introduced by the instrument's count rate (n) was the largest source of uncertainty and had the greatest influence. Measurement repeatability, the counting efficiency (ε) of the standard powder source, and the recovery rate of radioactivity (F) also had a significant impact. The total mass of the water sample residue (W), the mass of the residue used to prepare the sample source (m), and the volume (V) of the water sample had less influence.
Abstract:
To enhance the efficiency of pressure gauge calibration and reduce reading errors, a fully intelligent pressure gauge calibration system has been developed. The system consists of an integrated AI recognition model, control software, and calibration devices, achieving full automation and intelligence in the pressure gauge calibration process. The system's recognition model is based on a deep learning network framework, integrating the YOLO detection model, Paddle OCR model, text classifier, and adjacent angle reading algorithm. This model can not only identify the pointer readings from pressure gauge images but also capture essential information such as manufacturer, serial number, accuracy class, and units. The control software is designed with a multi-threaded and asynchronous communication structure, supporting communication with multiple hardware components of the calibration device and enabling the simultaneous calibration of multiple pressure gauges. It also allows for the storage of calibration images and data for review and traceability and supports the automatic synchronization of calibration results with the OA system, along with automatic certificate printing. Experimental validation demonstrates that the system can accurately and reliably calibrate 1–6 pressure gauges simultaneously. Compared with manual calibration and other automated systems, this system offers a higher degree of intelligence, greater efficiency, and reduced reading errors, with promising applications and promotion value.
The Evaluation Method and Application Research of Measurement Uncertainty
JIN Haoyuan, LIU Jun
2021, 65(5): 124-131.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9002
[Abstract](3724) [FullText HTML](2366) [PDF 655KB](1232)
摘要:
主要介绍了测量不确定度的发展历程、国内外研究现状以及未来可能的发展方向。对7种主要的评定算法进行了介绍和归纳,对测量不确定度在不同领域的应用现状进行了调研和总结。最后,对不同评定算法的适用场景进行了归纳整理,并对测量不确定度未来可能的发展方向进行了探讨。
Application of Digital Twins in Medical and Health Fields and Related Research Progress
CHEN Yuefei, WANG Sisi, TIAN Mingqi, CHEN Chuan
2021, 65(10): 6-9.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0050
[Abstract](2895) [FullText HTML](4660) [PDF 540KB](530)
摘要:
数字孪生技术在医疗健康领域应用日益广泛,本文介绍了数字孪生的基本原理,总结了数字孪生技术在医疗健康领域的发展现状与应用,即患者状况实时获取、安全环境提供、全方位的创新服务平台搭建等,指出了数字孪生技术在医疗健康领域的两大发展趋势,并提出在医疗健康领域使用数字孪生技术可能产生的问题。
Calibration: Interpretation of Definition and Expression of Measurement Uncertainty
WANG Weinong
2023, 67(2): 58-61.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0225
[Abstract](1071) [FullText HTML](403) [PDF 500KB](175)
摘要:
由于现有校准的定义与校准实验室活动之间的差异,校准结果的测量不确定度、校准和测量能力(CMC)和校准证书中测量不确定度表达的规定均存在问题,造成校准结果表达不正确或在应用中不能发挥作用。通过实例说明上述问题在计量确认、标准考核和实验室能力验证中的负面影响;基于校准的定义讨论校准结果及其测量不确定度评定方法,对校准和测量能力、校准证书中的结果及其测量不确定度的表达提出建议。
Analysis of an Electrochemical Gas Sensor for Measuring Carbon Monoxide
LI Guangyi
2021, 65(3): 40-43.   doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.03.08
[Abstract](1593) [FullText HTML](700) [PDF 782KB](65)
摘要:
有毒及易燃易爆气体报警器的周期性检定作为石油、化工等生产性企业安全防护的重要方面,报警器核心部件传感器的线性度、可靠性、检测结果的准确性就显得尤为重要。以一氧化碳有毒电化学式气体传感器为例,对传感器的工作原理及整体工作过程进行了详细分析;对每部分结构的作用进行了简要描述;性能参数指标分情况进行探论。最终对一氧化碳有毒电化学式传感器的线性度、相关性、响应时间、温湿度依赖性进行了有效评估。
The Metrology Technology of Medical Wearable Physiological Parameter Monitoring Equipment
ZHOU Feng, DING Xiang
2021, 65(8): 7-10.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9056
[Abstract](1090) [FullText HTML](581) [PDF 534KB](172)
摘要:
主要介绍了医用可穿戴生理参数监测设备的发展、应用情况以及涉及的主要技术。目前该类设备尚缺乏专门的计量技术规范,在参考相关传统医疗设备的标准及计量方法的基础上,探索分析了医用可穿戴生理参数监测设备的关键计量参数及技术。
Research on the Importance and Development in the Digital Era of Metrology and Measurement
DOU Chen, ZHOU Zili
2022, 66(9): 70-73.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0168
[Abstract](1333) [FullText HTML](376) [PDF 507KB](151)
摘要:
通过对国民经济数字化转型的分析,研究和探讨了计量的根本任务以及数字计量对国民经济的重要作用,阐述了数字世界计量工作的重要性。通过对数字世界的计量标准和虚拟测量仪器的研究以及对实时远程计量校准的计量模式的分析,为新时代计量发展方向提供了指引。
A Method to Improve the Accuracy of Data Center PUE Based on Energy Measurement
LI Anxiang, SHEN Qingfei, ZHOU Xin, WU Tong, DOU Lilan, ZHANG Yan, GUO Hongbo, HAN Xiangxun
2021, 65(9): 44-47.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9010
[Abstract](1332) [FullText HTML](505) [PDF 638KB](80)
摘要:
通过调研北京地区12个数据中心的能源计量管理情况,围绕影响计算数据中心电能使用效率(PUE)准确性的主要因素,分析计算PUE时普遍存在的问题,提出利用能源计量管理手段,定期比对计量器具确定其准确性的方法,通过电量分项、分类、分区计量管理,提高数据中心PUE准确性。
Recent Prospects on Some Problems in Inertial Technology Metrology
YE Wen, CAI Chenguang, YANG Ping, QUAN Wei, XING Li, HU Ruo
2021, 65(3): 9-14, 52.   doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.03.02
[Abstract](1270) [FullText HTML](614) [PDF 623KB](147)
摘要:
惯性技术是研究运载体运动信息(位置、速度、姿态等)的获取与感知技术,是一个国家科学技术水平和国防实力的核心标志之一。在国防和国民经济建设重大需求的牵引下,惯性技术一直备受各国的高度重视,属于基础性、战略性和前沿性的军民两用高新技术。在惯性技术中,陀螺仪是测量运载体角速度的核心仪表,是运载体进行姿态调整/控制、实现自主/隐蔽导航的核心信息源之一, 其发展呈高精度和微型化两种趋势。本文总结梳理了惯性技术的发展动态和研究现状, 重点强调了陀螺仪的发展现状及惯性测试计量研究内容, 展望了新SI时代的原子惯性计量。
Research Progress on Common Measurement Methods of Nucleic Acid Reference Materials
CHEN Guifang, OUYANG Yanyan, YANG Jiayi, GAO Yunhua
2021, 65(6): 25-33.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9022
[Abstract](1207) [FullText HTML](826) [PDF 1030KB](300)
摘要:
为提高核酸测量的准确性,种类繁多的核酸标准物质被研制出来。标准物质是保证量值准确性与可溯源性的“计量器具”,具有复现、保存和传递量值的功能,可以为核酸定性与定量检测过程的质量控制提供参考。准确可靠的定值方法是标准物质研制的重要基础,详细介绍了几种核酸标准物质测量方法,重点分析了不同测量方法的原理与应用特点,讨论了测量过程中可能存在的影响因素,为核酸标准物质的深入研究提供参考。
Application of FTIR in the Research on Gas Reference Materials
WANG Defa, ZHOU Fengran, YE Jing, ZHANG Tiqiang, ZENG Wu, HAN Qiao
2021, 65(5): 67-76.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9041
[Abstract](1216) [FullText HTML](873) [PDF 937KB](142)
摘要:
气体标准物质在气体测量领域有广泛的应用,为实现测量结果溯源至国际单位制SI发挥了重要的作用。在气体标准物质研制过程中离不开气体成分的测量,测量方法除了色谱法、质谱法外,光谱法也被广泛应用。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)是一种光谱测量技术,它可以用于原料气体的纯度分析和气体标准物质特性组分和干扰组分的精确测量。介绍了采用FTIR测量几种原料气体中杂质的应用实例,以及在气体标准物质量值测量和国际比对中的一些应用。研究显示FTIR比较适用于活泼性组分的测量和多组分的同步测量,测量过程操作相对简单,不需要像GC或GCMS那样对色谱柱或者色谱参数进行复杂的优化和控制;FTIR同样适用于稳定性气体的测量,例如在温室气体测量中也可以获得较高的重复性和准确性。除此之外,准确的测量结果与所使用的校准方法有关,使用单点精确匹配校准或双点校准,同时采用“参考-样品-参考”的交替测量序列,可以获得相对准确的测量结果。
The Evaluation Method and Application Research of Measurement Uncertainty
JIN Haoyuan, LIU Jun
2021, 65(5): 124-131.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2020.9002
[Abstract](3724) [FullText HTML](2366) [PDF 655KB](2366)
Abstract:
In this paper, the development history of measurement uncertainty, the current research status at home and abroad, and the possible future development directions are mainly introduced. The seven main evaluation algorithms are introduced and summarized, and the current situation of the application of measurement uncertainty in different fields is investigated and summarized. Finally, the applicable scenarios of different evaluation algorithms are summarized, and the possible future development directions of measurement uncertainty are discussed.
Present Status of Monoenergetic Neutron Production Technology and Reference Radiation Fields
LI Fan, ZHANG Hui, WANG Pingquan, ZHANG Yanan
2024, 68(9): 20-31.   doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2024.0059
[Abstract](273) [FullText HTML](140) [PDF 1164KB](140)
Abstract:
Neutrons are essential tools for studying nuclear structure, nuclear reaction laws, particle physics, astrophysics, and material structure. They are widely applied in fields such as energy, materials, life sciences, medical health, radiation protection, and semiconductors. Monoenergetic neutrons, in particular, play an increasingly crucial role in ionizing radiation metrology and nuclear energy applications. Consequently, national metrology institutes and nuclear research facilities worldwide have established monoenergetic neutron reference radiation fields. The National Institute of Metrology, China (NIM) plans to construct such a facility within the next 3 to 5 years to enhance China's neutron metrology system, conduct fundamental neutron physics research, and meet the diverse needs for monoenergetic neutrons across various sectors. Based on the latest ISO 8529-1:2021 standard and in response to NIM's requirements for building a monoenergetic neutron reference radiation field, this paper reviews and calculates parameters for the five most common nuclear reactions used in monoenergetic neutron production. These parameters include neutron energy, neutron yield, neutron angular distribution, and accompanying γ-ray background. The paper also summarizes the current status and characteristics of existing monoenergetic neutron reference radiation fields, introduces the primary equipment commonly used in these fields, and provides important parameters for the proposed monoenergetic neutron reference radiation field at NIM.