Abstract: This paper discussed the performance evaluation of ophthalmic Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and the development of metrology technology in terms of the principles, technical classification, commercial development, metrology parameters, and standard production of ophthalmic OCT devices. This paper summarized the domestic and foreign research progress of measurement and evaluation methods such as measurement standard, system resolution, signal-to-noise ratio/contrast, and image quality of ophthalmic OCT equipment in detail, and clarified the ideas for the further improvement of ophthalmic OCT technology standardization.