Abstract: Cancer's potent concealment and rapid progression significantly impact patient treatment. Detecting tumor markers produced during cancer's development is of paramount clinical importance for early diagnosis, improving prognosis, and reducing cancer mortality. However, tumor markers' specificity and sensitivity are insufficient, and single tumor marker detection increases the likelihood of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, hindering differential diagnosis for specific tumor types. The detection methods for tumor markers are complicated, time-consuming, and costly, limiting their clinical application. Additionally, the generally low levels of tumor markers and complex matrix composition in the human body present challenges for the sensitivity and accuracy of detection techniques. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively employed in the development of biosensors and tumor marker detection due to their unique and superior physicochemical properties. This study briefly summarizes the structure, naming methods, and functions of MOFs, compares the inherent characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each type of MOFs, and reviews the application progress of MOFs in tumor marker screening. The existing problems and development suggestions are summarized in the hope of providing references for the development of novel, high-sensitivity detection methods for tumor markers.