Abstract: Pseudomonas cocovenenans, a gram-negative bacterium, predominantly grows on the surface of agricultural products like fermented grains, potato products, spoiled Tremella fuciformis (white fungus), and Auricularia auricula (wood ear fungus). This bacterium produces bongkrekic acid and toxoflavin, toxic substances that compromise the quality and safety of agricultural products. Its exotoxins affect vital human organs such as the brain and kidneys, causing significant harm to the digestive and nervous systems, and in some cases, lead to fatal outcomes, occasionally reaching a 100% fatality rate in individual instances. This paper outlines the pathogenic mechanism and molecular typing methods of Pseudomonas cocovenenans and provides a systematic review of the research progress in detection methods for the bacterium and its exotoxins. Furthermore, the paper discusses future research directions, aiming to serve as a reference for ongoing studies on Pseudomonas cocovenenans.