Abstract: In the context of carbon neutrality objectives, the Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) system, a vital method for emissions reduction, is expected to be deployed more rapidly and extensively in China. It is anticipated to integrate into the carbon trading market. Key aspects such as flow measurement, composition analysis, CO₂ leakage detection, process control, and efficiency evaluation play critical roles in influencing the technical costs, operational safety, regulatory compliance, and environmental impact of CCUS projects. Effective measurement and monitoring are essential for the regulatory framework of CCUS. Metrology and testing technologies are imperative for providing accurate assessments of the economic viability, effectiveness, sustainability, and safety of CCUS processes, along with their carbon emission reduction impact. This paper investigates the advancements in metrology and testing technologies in the CCUS sector, both domestically and internationally. It analyzes the metrological challenges encountered in various stages of CCUS, including process control, purity analysis, and leakage detection. We summarize the specific measurement and testing needs in CCUS development and propose recommendations to enhance metrological support for the future progression of CCUS.