Abstract: During the production and transportation of Gas-Insulated Transmission Lines (GIL), internal defects may occur, leading to localized partial discharge faults during operation, accompanied by abnormal vibration and sound signals. When GIL malfunctions, it not only causes serious damage to the equipment itself but also poses a threat to the stable operation of the power system. This paper studies a method for detecting partial discharge faults in GIL based on vibration signals, which can accurately identify specific units and locations of the faults. The characteristics of vibration signals in GIL localized partial discharge fault states are analyzed. By processing and identifying signals collected from simulated experiments and on-site tests, the identification method has been optimized, enabling accurate and effective determination of whether GIL has experienced localized partial discharge faults.