Abstract: Science and technology (S&T) awards are an important measure to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological innovation among researchers. As the highest national research center for metrology in China, the National Institute of Metrology, China (NIM) has long placed great emphasis on encouraging scientific and technological innovation. By establishing the NIM Science and Technology Award, NIM further stimulates researchers' enthusiasm for innovation, promotes the development of scientific and technological innovation, and creates a favorable research and innovation ecosystem. Based on historical data, this paper systematically reviews the application and awarding of the NIM Science and Technology Award from 2006 to 2022. In response to the phenomenon of a continuous decline in the number of award applications discovered during the management process of S&T awards, the paper analyzes the existing problems and their causes. It summarizes the experience, practices, and management effectiveness of stimulating researchers' enthusiasm for applying for awards by adding a youth S&T award, adjusting award levels, and increasing award incentives. Suggestions are put forward to further optimize the award management system, increase the publicity of achievements and popularization of science, and improve the information system.