Abstract: To meet the demand for high-precision timing signals in modern science, using the phase information of sine waves as a fine marker for timing signal measurement is expected to accurately synchronize timing signal errors to the picosecond level. The frequency-multiplied signal with no phase drift relative to the sine wave can be used to characterize the fine phase information within one cycle of a sine wave signal. The prerequisite for calibrating the phase drift between the frequency-multiplied signal and the fundamental sine wave signal is the picosecond-level precision measurement of the phase drift between frequency-multiplied signals. Currently, there is no instrument capable of measuring the phase difference between frequency-multiplied signals with picosecond-level precision. This paper innovatively designs a picosecond-level precision measurement circuit for the phase difference of frequency-multiplied signals. By analyzing the influence of power dividers, amplifiers, mixers, filters, and attenuators used in the circuit on the signal phase, it is demonstrated that the measurement circuit itself causes a phase difference of no more than 3 ps for the measured value, and the stability of the measurement results is in the E-13 level, proving that both the precision and stability of the measurement circuit meet the requirements of picosecond-level high-precision measurement. This creates conditions for further calibrating the phase drift between signals and accurately characterizing the phase information of sine waves to achieve high-precision timing signal synchronization.