Abstract: In the existing handheld laser rangefinder detection method, there were problems such as shortage of field baseline field and poor practicality of optical path folding method. Therefore, for the problem that it was difficult to establish the detection reference of the length of more than 50 m, a new rangefinder detection method tracing back to the total station was proposed. A highly operable detection device was designed to carry out the detection experiment of the hand-held laser rangefinder signaling error in the measurement section of 50 m-200 m. The experiments showed that the uncertainty of the range detection method based on the common optical path was 1.6 mm at 200 m, which met the requirements of JJG 966-2010 calibration specification for handheld laser rangefinders. Finally, the reliability of the measurement capability of the detection method was verified by comparison experiments. The research method is the first one in China to extend the measurement range of the measurement standard "Handheld Laser Rangefinder Calibration Device" from 50 m to 200 m under the condition of no baseline field, which has outstanding value of popularization and application.