Abstract: To ensure the accuracy and reliability of PM_2.5/PM₁₀ monitoring data, this study investigates the traceability method for automatic PM_2.5/PM₁₀ particle monitoring instruments based on the gravimetric method. By analyzing the structure and working principles of these instruments, key parameters and technologies that influence measurement accuracy and are common to such instruments were identified. The study introduces the functions, parameters, and influencing factors of key modules such as the sampling unit, constant temperature and humidity module, weighing module, and filter membrane electrostatic removal module. Calibration methods were developed, and corresponding measurement performance parameters were extracted, along with specified indicator values. Through extensive experiments, using widely adopted monitoring instruments, the rationality of the performance parameter indicators and the feasibility of the testing methods were verified. Furthermore, the uncertainty evaluation method for calibration results was provided based on an analysis of the factors affecting the calibration process. This study lays the groundwork for the development of relevant technical standards and ensures the accuracy and validity of calibration data for these instruments.