Abstract: Recently, DEXA technology has Widely use in bone density measurement. We studed the selection of different energy conditions in the process of bone density calibration using dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry techonlogy and the influence of temperature factors on bone density values. In the different under dual energy conditions, the measurement interval is carried out to ensure that it is not affected by temperature, thus ensuring that dual energy is selected as the main influencing variable; In the temperature experiment, the bone density value data affected by temperature rise was obtained through continuous and uninterrupted experiments, and the deviation of bone density value caused by temperature was corrected through two linear regressions. Furtherly, the source of uncertainty has been analyzed and the uncertainty has been evaluated by using QRM's lumbar spine phantom (ESP-10-281) as the test sample in the process of bone density calibration. Resultly, under the dual energy condition of 80～120 kV, the bone density calibration at L1, L2 and L3 are closest to the given values; Continuous multiple measurements can cause the temperature rise, thereby affecting the bone density value. After two rounds of line regression correction, the average error of L1, L2, and L3 decreased from 2.4%～3.5% to −2.6%～−1.1%;The extended uncertainties of the measurement results for L1, L2, and L3 are 0.0185 g/cm², 0.0089 g/cm², and 0.0097 g/cm².