Abstract: The emission of greenhouse gases is a key factor contributing to global warming. As a high-precision and fast-response gas concentration detection technology, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) enables the monitoring of greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide in industrial production. Non-cooperative target-based TDLAS remote sensing technology (b-TDLAS) has garnered significant attention for its high measurement accuracy achieved at a cost-effective price. This article briefly introduces the principle of b-TDLAS technology and summarizes its research progress in three areas: improvements in system structure design, advancements in signal processing methods, and the diversification of application scenarios. Finally, it anticipates the future development direction of b-TDLAS technology. The b-TDLAS system is convenient to deploy and cost-effective. Its detection accuracy meets the requirements of most scenarios, offering high practical value in enhancing the monitoring capabilities of enterprise emission sources and advancing the improvement of carbon measurement systems.