Abstract: As an essential basis for determining goals, allocating resources, optimizing systems and organizing teams, science and technology planning is extremely critical for the development of scientific and technological capabilities in research institutes. The development of the National Quality Infrastructure system (NQI), because of its characteristics, including public welfare, social, systematic, strategic and scientific, needs the top-level design of “top-down” characteristics. As the executive level of national science and technology planning, research institutes should realize the organic combination of national tasks and their own development when formulating their own science and technology planning. The NIM, as a nationally recognized scientific research institute in the field of NQI, actively explores and implements science and technology planning, while also summarizing six key aspects including mission orientation, national requirements, metrology development, focal areas, security systems, and supervision and evaluation. Over the past 15 years, it has achieved remarkable success by receiving 15 prestigious national science and technology awards. In the final phase of the “14th Five-Year Plan”, NIM will further consolidate its experience, align with the national strategic goal of becoming a science and technology powerhouse by 2035, enhance top-level planning, optimize innovation planning layout, and establish a solid foundation for achieving high-quality development in advance during the “15th Five-Year Plan”.