Abstract: Zeta potential is an important indicator for assessing the stability of solutions and suspensions, widely used in fields such as biomedicine, materials science, and industrial manufacturing. Currently, the methods for measuring Zeta potential include streaming potential, acoustic method, electrophoretic light scattering, phase analysis light scattering, and the Coulter method. Each technique has its unique measurement principles and specific application scenarios, with results influenced by various factors. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, applications, and suitable contexts of different Zeta potential measurement methods, with a particular focus on the accurate measurement of Zeta potential in colloidal solutions. Through a comprehensive comparison of the methods, the Coulter method stands out as an absolute measurement technique traceable to electrical standards. It can be used to establish metrological reference instruments, enabling the calibration of Zeta potential standard substances. Its high precision and resolution make it particularly reliable for providing data support in biomedical research and applications.