Abstract: This paper elaborates on the implementation of the “China-Myanmar Joint Research on Key Measurement Standards in Food and Mechanical Processing Industries” Project, under the National Key R&D Program’s Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation sponsored by China’s Science and Technology Ministry. Coordinated by the National Institute of Metrology (NIM), China with participation from the National Institute of Metrology (Myanmar) (NIMM), the Project spanned the entire life cycle encompassing four stages, i.e., needs analyses, project design, implementation, and evaluation, through adoption of international good practices. This paper then summarizes cooperation outcomes, including: establishing fit-for-purpose temperature and length measurement standards for Myanmar, laying talent foundation for Myanmar’s independent and sustainable metrology development, improving Myanmar’s metrological capabilities in a systematic way, and integrating with the multilateral mechanism of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation in Metrology. It also covers the significant socio-economic and diplomatic benefits generated as a result. At last, this paper distilled practical experiences and forward-looking insights to inform China’s future international cooperation in measurement science and technology with other countries.