Abstract: The quantity value of Leeb hardness test method for metallic materials is ordinal with no derived unit. At present, China has not developed the corresponding primary standards or traceability systems. In the paper, based on the principle of the Leeb hardness test, the process and characteristics of the traceability of the quantity value of the ordinal quantity measuring instrument are analyzed by using the direct test method. Furthermore, by conducting experiments on each parameter of the Leeb hardness tester, the feasibility of developing a primary standard for the measurement of Leeb hardness has been discussed, and reference is provided for further exploring the development of the Leeb hardness national benchmark and the quantitative value transfer system.