沉积物中HBCDs的污染分布及关键检测技术进展

何帅; 汤桦; 陈大舟; 高晶

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0639

沉积物中HBCDs的污染分布及关键检测技术进展

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0639

中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFF0201102）。

详细信息

作者简介:
何帅（1997-），中国计量科学研究院硕士研究生，研究方向：有机质谱分析，邮箱：874300343@qq.com

通讯作者:
汤桦（1977-），中国计量科学研究院副研究员，研究方向：有机质谱分析，邮箱：tanghua@nim.ac.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 387
- HTML全文浏览量: 122
- PDF下载量: 30
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 录用日期: 2022-01-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-16

Research Progress on Pollution Distribution and Key Detection Techniques of HBCDs in Sediments

National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 六溴环十二烷（ HBCDs ）是一种被大量生产且广泛使用的溴化物阻燃剂，属于新型持久性有机污染物。环境中HBCDs分布广泛且含量跨度大，准确分析测定其在环境介质中的含量对环境污染控制具有重要意义。对目前我国各地沉积物中HBCDs污染分布进行了总结。在文献调研的基础上，对沉积物及相关基质中HBCDs的前处理、分离和检测等关键技术进行了对比和分析。此外通过对现有HBCDs标准物质来源调研，对HBCDs准确定量的溯源问题进行了讨论，并且对HBCDs未来的测量和监测工作提出了展望。
- HBCDs /
- 沉积物 /
- 污染分布 /
- 关键技术 /
- 标准物质
Abstract: Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is a mass-produced and widely used brominated flame retardant, which is a new type of persistent organic pollutant. HBCDs are widely distributed in the environment and their contents span a wide range, and accurate analysis and determination of their contents in environmental media are of great significance for environmental pollution control. This paper summarized the pollution distribution of HBCDs in sediments across China. Based on literature research, the key techniques of pretreatment, separation, and detection of HBCDs in sediments and related matrices were compared and analyzed. In addition, by investigating the source of HBCDs reference materials, the traceability of HBCDs for accurate quantification was discussed, and the future measurement and monitoring work of HBCDs was put forward.
- HBCDs /
- sediment /
- pollution distribution /
- key technology /
- reference material

HTML全文

图 1 HBCDs的合成流程

Figure 1. Synthesis process of HBCDs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 HBCDs三种主要的非对映异构体

Figure 2. The three main diastereomers of HBCDs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 HBCDs的理化性质

Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of HBCDs

异构体	相对分子质量	熔点（℃）	蒸气压（Pa，21℃）	溶解度（水）	稳定性	logKow
α-HBCD	641.7	172	6.5×10⁻⁵	48.8	热重排（>160℃），热分解（>240℃）	5.38
β-HBCD		169		14.7		5.47
γ-HBCD		209		2.1		5.80

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2010 ~ 2020年HBCDs在中国的污染分布

Table 2. The pollution distribution of HBCDs in China from 2010 to 2020

地区	论文出版年份	基质类型	含量		参考文献
中国大陆沿海地区	2012	贻贝	0.01～1400 ng/g	[33]
湖南浏阳	2010	沉积物	（α）9.0～1079.6 ng/g，（β）1.0～1161.7 ng/g，（γ）65.4～3964.2 ng/g	[15]
黄河三角洲	2016	沉积物	0.2～29.3 ng/g	[34]
胶州湾	2016	沉积物	（α）1.03～5.69 ng/g，（β）1.13～5.46 ng/g，（γ）1.18～15.04 ng/g	[35]
陕西渭河	2019	沉积物	（α）443.56 mg/kg，（β）614.29 mg/kg，（γ）1146.37 mg/kg
上海	2014	沉积物	0.05～6.87 ng/g	[17]
珠江口	2021	沉积物	nd～1.11 ng/g	[19]
天津段海河	2016	沉积物	0.4～58.82 ng/g	[20]
太湖	2013	沉积物	0.046～2.56 ng/g	[16]
河北新河	2018	沉积物	10.3～43.5 ng/g	[21]
上海	2015	沉积物	0.01～13.7 ng/g	[22]
深圳福田国家级自然保护区	2019	红树林植物根茎叶	（α）15.6～2234 ng/g，（β）32.9～3255 ng/g，（γ）19.9～1520 ng/g	[23]
珠江口工业区河流	2013	沉积物	0.07～31.6 ng/g	[24]
东江下游	2011	沉积物	2.5～424.16 ng/g	[25]
莱州湾	2014	沉积物	0.03～20.17 ng/g	[26]
中国大陆沿海	2011	大黄鱼、银鲳	0.57～10.1 ng/g	[8]
天津	2013	湖滨生物海洋生物	64.3～1111 ng/g 85.5～989 ng/g	[36]
青藏高原	2013	草鱼	nd～13.7 ng/g	[9]

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(65)

[1]	COVACI A, HARRAD S, ABDALLAH M A, et al. Novel brominated flame retardants: a review of their analysis, environmental fate and behaviour[J]. Environ Int, 2011, 37(2): 532-556. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.11.007
[2]	PAPACHLIMITZOU A, BARBER J L, LOSADA S, et al. A review of the analysis of novel brominated flame retardants[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2012, 1219: 15-28. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.029
[3]	CAO X, LU Y, ZHANG Y, et al. An overview of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDs) in environmental media with focus on their potential risk and management in China[J]. Environ Pollut, 2018, 236: 283-295. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.040
[4]	王亚韡, 蔡亚岐, 江桂斌. 斯德哥尔摩公约新增持久性有机污染物的一些研究进展[J]. 中国科学:化学, 2010, 40(2): 99-123.
[5]	姜玉起. 溴系阻燃剂的现状及其发展趋势[J]. 化工技术经济, 2006(9): 14-18, 24.
[6]	YI S, LIU J G, JIN J, et al. Assessment of the occupational and environmental risks of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in China[J]. Chemosphere, 2016, 150: 431-437. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.047
[7]	JORUNDSDOTTIR H, LOFSTRAND K, SVAVARSSON J, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in seven different marine bird species from Iceland[J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 93(8): 1526-1532. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.061
[8]	XIA C, LAM J C, WU X, et al. Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in marine fishes along the Chinese coastline[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 82(11): 1662-1668. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.012
[9]	ZHU N, FU J, GAO Y, et al. Hexabromocyclododecane in alpine fish from the Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Environ Pollut, 2013, 181: 7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.050
[10]	WANG W, CHOO G, CHO H S, et al. The occurrence and distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes in freshwater systems, focusing on tissue-specific bioaccumulation in crucian carp[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2018, 635: 470-478. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.262
[11]	SAHLSTROM L M, SELLSTROM U, DE WIT C A, et al. Estimated intakes of brominated flame retardants via diet and dust compared to internal concentrations in a Swedish mother-toddler cohort[J]. Int J Hyg Environ Health, 2015, 218(4): 422-432. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.03.011
[12]	HOH E, HITES R A. Brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere of the east-central United States[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005, 39(20): 7794-7802.
[13]	HONG J, GAO S, CHEN L, et al. Hexabromocyclododecanes in the indoor environment of two cities in South China: their occurrence and implications of human inhalation exposure[J]. Indoor and Built Environment, 2013, 25(1): 41-49.
[14]	MENG X Z, DUAN Y P, YANG C, et al. Occurrence, sources, and inventory of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in soils from Chongming Island, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD)[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 82(5): 725-731. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.091
[15]	FENG J, WANG Y, RUAN T, et al. Simultaneous determination of hexabromocyclododecanes and tris (2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate using LC-APCI-MS/MS[J]. Talanta, 2010, 82(5): 1929-1934. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.08.014
[16]	XU J, ZHANG Y, GUO C, et al. Levels and distribution of tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecane in Taihu Lake, China[J]. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2013, 32(10): 2249-2255. doi: 10.1002/etc.2318
[17]	WU M H, ZHU J Y, TANG L, et al. Hexabromocyclododecanes in surface sediments from Shanghai, China: spatial distribution, seasonal variation and diastereoisomer-specific profiles[J]. Chemosphere, 2014, 111: 304-311. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.031
[18]	Jansson B, Kierkegaard A, Sellstrom U, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in sediment and fish from a Swedish river[J]. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 1998,17(6):1065-1072.
[19]	LI H, ZHANG Z, SUN Y, et al. Tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in sediments and biota from two typical mangrove wetlands of South China: Distribution, bioaccumulation and biomagnification[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2021, 750: 141695. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141695
[20]	ZHAO Y, LI Q, MIAO X, et al. Determination of hexabromocyclododecanes in sediments from the Haihe River in China by an optimized HPLC-MS-MS method[J]. J Environ Sci (China), 2017, 55: 174-183. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.07.013
[21]	ZHANG Y, ZHENG M, WANG L, et al. High level of tris-(2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in sediments from the intertidal zone of New River Estuary-a polluted and degraded wetland[J]. Mar Pollut Bull, 2018, 130: 287-292. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.045
[22]	TANG L, SHAO H Y, ZHU J Y, et al. Hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in surface sediments from river drainage basins of Shanghai, China: occurrence, distribution, and mass inventory[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2015, 22(16): 11993-12000. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4336-7
[23]	LI H, HU Y, SUN Y, et al. Bioaccumulation and translocation of tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in mangrove plants from a national nature reserve of Shenzhen City, South China[J]. Environ Int, 2019, 129: 239-246. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.034
[24]	HE M J, LUO X J, YU L H, et al. Diasteroisomer and enantiomer-specific profiles of hexabromocyclododecane and tetrabromobisphenol A in an aquatic environment in a highly industrialized area, South China: vertical profile, phase partition, and bioaccumulation[J]. Environ Pollut, 2013, 179: 105-110. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.016
[25]	ZHANG X, ZHANG D, LUO Z, et al. Diastereoisomer- and enantiomer-specific profiles of hexabromocyclododecane in the sediment of Dongjiang River, South China [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2011, 8(6): 561-568.
[26]	刘艺凯, 王景芝, 唐建辉, 等. 莱州湾河流表层沉积物中六溴环十二烷的含量水平、分布及组成特征[J]. 地球化学, 2014, 43(1): 55-63.
[27]	JANS U. Emerging Brominated Flame Retardants in Sediments and Soils: a Review[J]. Current Pollution Reports, 2016, 2(4): 213-223. doi: 10.1007/s40726-016-0041-5
[28]	孔庆池, 尹丽娟. 六溴环十二烷的合成研究[J]. 山东化工, 2012, 41(5): 1-3. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-021X.2012.05.001
[29]	HEEB N V, SCHWEIZER W B, KOHLER M, et al. Structure elucidation of hexabromocyclododecanes-a class of compounds with a complex stereochemistry[J]. Chemosphere, 2005, 61(1): 65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.015
[30]	于紫玲, 向明灯, 马瑞雪, 等. 生物基质中四溴双酚A和六溴环十二烷分析方法研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2019, 38(3): 503-512.
[31]	中华人民共和国环境保护部. 关于《<关于持久性有机污染物的斯德哥尔摩公约>新增列六溴环十二烷修正案》生效的公告[EB/OL]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201612/t20161228_378327.htm.
[32]	佚名. 阻燃剂六溴环十二烷被列入《优先控制化学品名录》 [J]. 塑料助剂, 2018, (2): 53.
[33]	ISOBE T, OGAWA S P, RAMU K, et al. Geographical distribution of non-PBDE-brominated flame retardants in mussels from Asian coastal waters[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2012, 19(8): 3107-3117. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-0945-6
[34]	WANG L, ZHANG M, LOU Y, et al. Levels and distribution of tris-(2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate and hexabromocyclododecanes in surface sediments from the Yellow River Delta wetland of China[J]. Mar Pollut Bull, 2017, 114(1): 577-582. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.019
[35]	WANG L, ZHAO Q, ZHAO Y, et al. Determination of heterocyclic brominated flame retardants tris-(2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate and hexabromocyclododecane in sediment from Jiaozhou Bay wetland[J]. Mar Pollut Bull, 2016, 113(1-2): 509-512. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.013
[36]	ZHANG Y, SUN H, LIU F, et al. Hexabromocyclododecanes in limnic and marine organisms and terrestrial plants from Tianjin, China: diastereomer- and enantiomer-specific profiles, biomagnification, and human exposure[J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 93(8): 1561-1568. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.004
[37]	LUQUE DE CASTRO M D, PRIEGO-CAPOTE F. Soxhlet extraction: Past and present panacea[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2010, 1217(16): 2383-2389. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.027
[38]	SU G, MCGOLDRICK D J, CLARK M G, et al. Isomer-Specific Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) Levels in Top Predator Fish from Across Canada and 36-Year Temporal Trends in Lake Ontario[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2018, 52(11): 6197-6207. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01052
[39]	范允卿, 何慧, 闻胜, 等. 高效液相色谱-质谱法测定动物源性食品中六溴环十二烷和四溴双酚A[J]. 分析科学学报, 2014, 30(2): 158-162.
[40]	TANG B, ZENG Y H, LUO X J, et al. Bioaccumulative characteristics of tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in multi-tissues of prey and predator fish from an e-waste site, South China[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2015, 22(16): 12011-12017. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4463-1
[41]	ZHONG Y, PENG P, YU Z, et al. Effects of metals on the transformation of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in solvents: implications for solvent-based recycling of brominated flame retardants[J]. Chemosphere, 2010, 81(1): 72-78. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.061
[42]	ZHONG Y, LI D, ZHU X, et al. Solvent effects on quantitative analysis of brominated flame retardants with Soxhlet extraction[J]. Environ Geochem Health, 2018, 40(5): 1955-1964. doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-9979-5
[43]	HIEBL J, VETTER W. Detection of hexabromocyclododecane and its metabolite pentabromocyclododecene in chicken egg and fish from the official food control[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007, 55(9): 3319-3324. doi: 10.1021/jf063428b
[44]	刘小燕, 李经纬, 刘珊, 等. 六溴环十二烷的环境污染特征及其生态毒理效应研究进展[J]. 毒理学杂志, 2017, 31(2): 150-154.
[45]	应红梅, 朱丽波, 徐能斌, 等. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测溴代阻燃剂[J]. 中国环境监测, 2013, 29(4): 94-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6002.2013.04.020
[46]	赵坦. 底泥和土壤中德克隆类物质和六溴环十二烷异构体分析方法研究及应用 [D].北京: 北京化工大学, 2016.
[47]	ABDALLAH M A, DRAGE D, HARRAD S. A one-step extraction/clean-up method for determination of PCBs, PBDEs and HBCDs in environmental solid matrices[J]. Environ Sci Process Impacts, 2013, 15(12): 2279-2287. doi: 10.1039/c3em00395g
[48]	CAO H, WU S, HE M. Quantum chemical study on isomerization and transformation of hexabromocyclododecanes[J]. Structural Chemistry, 2018, 30(3): 899-910.
[49]	王馨蕾. 超声波提取-气相色谱氢火焰测定土壤中六溴环十二烷 [J]. 环境科学研究, 2019, 32(3): 493-499.
[50]	GAO S, WANG J, YU Z, et al. Hexabromocyclododecanes in surface soils from E-waste recycling areas and industrial areas in South China: concentrations, diastereoisomer- and enantiomer-specific profiles, and inventory[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45(6): 2093-2099. doi: 10.1021/es1033712
[51]	JEON J W, KIM C S, KIM L, et al. Distribution and diastereoisomeric profiles of hexabromocyclododecanes in air, water, soil, and sediment samples in South Korea: Application of an optimized analytical method[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2019, 181: 321-329. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.015
[52]	LAW R J, KOHLER M, HEEB N V, et al. Hexabromocyclododecane challenges scientists and regulators[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005, 39(13): 281A-287A.
[53]	张文锦, 后小龙, 韩子超. 气相色谱-质谱法测定水体中的六溴环十二烷[J]. 理化检验(化学分册), 2017, 53(9): 1068-1070.
[54]	ACKERMAN L K, WILSON G R, SIMONICH S L. Quantitative analysis of 39 polybrominated diphenyl ethers by isotope dilution GC/low-resolution MS[J]. Anal Chem, 2005, 77(7): 1979-1987. doi: 10.1021/ac0484676
[55]	ABDALLAH M A, IBARRA C, NEELS H, et al. Comparative evaluation of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry versus gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of hexabromocyclododecanes and their degradation products in indoor dust[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2008, 1190(1-2): 333-341. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.03.006
[56]	SUZUKI S, HASEGAWA A. Determination of hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers and tetrabromobisphenol a in water and sediment by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry[J]. Anal Sci, 2006, 22(3): 469-474. doi: 10.2116/analsci.22.469
[57]	AL-ODAINI N A, YIM U H, KIM N S, et al. Isotopic dilution determination of emerging flame retardants in marine sediments by HPLC-APCI-MS/MS [J]. Analytical Methods, 2013, 5(7): 1771-1778.
[58]	GALINDO-IRANZO P, QUINTANILLA-LOPEZ J E, LEBRON-AGUILAR R, et al. Improving the sensitivity of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of hexabromocyclododecanes by chlorine adduct generation[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216(18): 3919-3926. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.086
[59]	LU J F, HE M J, YANG Z H, et al. Occurrence of tetrabromobisphenol a (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in soil and road dust in Chongqing, western China, with emphasis on diastereoisomer profiles, particle size distribution, and human exposure [J]. Environ Pollut, 2018, 242(Pt A): 219-228.
[60]	LU H, MA X J, HUANG X J, et al. Distribution, diastereomer-specific accumulation and associated health risks of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in soil-vegetable system of the Pearl River Delta region, South China[J]. J Environ Manage, 2019, 248: 109321. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109321
[61]	WONG C S. Environmental fate processes and biochemical transformations of chiral emerging organic pollutants[J]. Anal Bioanal Chem, 2006, 386(3): 544-558. doi: 10.1007/s00216-006-0424-3
[62]	EVANS S E, KASPRZYK-HORDERN B. Applications of chiral chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in the analysis of chiral pharmaceuticals in the environment[J]. Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2014, 1: e34-e51. doi: 10.1016/j.teac.2013.11.005
[63]	ZHANG X, YANG F, XU C, et al. Cytotoxicity evaluation of three pairs of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) enantiomers on Hep G2 cell[J]. Toxicol In Vitro, 2008, 22(6): 1520-1527. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.05.006
[64]	WANG X S, TAN X, ZHANG Y, et al. The enantiomer-selective metabolism of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) by human HepG2 cells[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2021, 768: 144430.
[65]	HARRAD S, ABDALLAH M A, COVACI A. Causes of variability in concentrations and diastereomer patterns of hexabromocyclododecanes in indoor dust[J]. Environ Int, 2009, 35(3): 573-579. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2008.10.005