多通道自校准热红外辐射计的研制和外场应用

谢臣瑜; 刘延; 谢琳琳; 宋健; 孙彦东; 崔焱; 吕彪; 郝小鹏

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0671

多通道自校准热红外辐射计的研制和外场应用

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0671

谢臣瑜^1,,
刘延¹,
谢琳琳¹,
宋健¹,
孙彦东^{1, 2},
崔焱¹,
吕彪¹,
郝小鹏^1, ,

1.
中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029
2.
成都理工大学，成都 610059

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2018YFB050480302）。

详细信息

作者简介:
谢臣瑜（1993-），中国计量科学研究院在站博士后，研究方向：光谱辐射定标、光学精密仪器研制等，邮箱: xiecy@nim.ac.cn

通讯作者:
郝小鹏（1980-），中国计量科学研究院研究员，研究方向：红外辐射定标和量值传递方法等，邮箱：haoxp@nim.ac.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-13
- 录用日期: 2022-01-19
- 修回日期: 2022-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-22

Development and Field Application of Multi-Channel Self-Calibrating Thermal Infrared Radiometer

XIE Chenyu^1
,,
LIU Yan¹,
XIE linlin¹,
SONG Jian¹,
SUN Yandong^{1, 2},
CUI Yan¹,
LV Biao¹,
HAO Xiaopeng^{1
, ,}

1.
National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
2.
Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

摘要

摘要: 为更好的满足热红外波段卫星遥感器的外场定标需求，提高外场定标的定标频次、时效性和测量精度，研制了具有自动化观测能力的多通道自校准热红外辐射计，用于测量外场大气下行辐射亮度和地表辐射亮度。介绍了多通道自校准热红外辐射计的结构设计、工作原理和实验室定标，并在此基础上开展了外场实验。以青海省格尔木定标场的观测数据为例，结合场地多通道数据中的温度与发射率分离算法，得到定标场地的真实温度和通道发射率结果，对不确定度进行了评估。数据结果表明，多通道自校准热红外辐射计四个光谱通道获取的通道发射率相对标准偏差最大为0.012，场地温度偏差在0.11 K以内，研制的多通道自校准热红外辐射计能够满足热红外波段外场定标的应用需求，为开展热红外波段遥感器的场地自动化辐射定标的研究奠定了基础。
- 热红外 /
- 辐射定标 /
- 辐亮度 /
- 地表温度 /
- 发射率
Abstract: To better meet the field radiometric calibration requirements of the thermal infrared band satellite remote sensor, and to improve the calibration frequency, timeliness, and measurement accuracy of the field radiometric calibration, a Multi-channel Self-calibration Thermal Infrared Radiometer (MSTIR) with automatic observation capabilities has been developed for measuring the atmospheric downward radiance and ground surface radiance in the field. In this paper, the structure, working principle, and test results of the MSTIR were introduced, and field experiments are carried out on this basis. Taking the observation data of the Golmud calibration field in Qinghai Province as an example, combined with the temperature and emissivity separation algorithm of the multi-channel data of the site, the land surface temperature, and channel emissivity results of the calibration site were obtained, and the uncertainty was evaluated. The data results show that the maximum relative standard deviation of channel emissivity obtained by the four spectral channels of the MSTIR is 0.012 at maximum, and the field temperature deviation is within 0.11 K. The developed MSTIR can meet the application requirements of thermal infrared band field calibration, which lays a foundation for the application of site automatic radiometric calibration of thermal infrared band remote sensor.
- thermal infrared /
- radiometric calibration /
- radiance /
- land surface temperature /
- spectral emissivity

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图 1 MSTIR的结构示意图和通道光谱响应函数

Figure 1. The structure diagram of MSTIR and the spectral response functions of fours channels

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图 2 MSTIR内部光路

Figure 2. The internal light path of MSTIR

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图 3 MSTIR实验室定标结果

Figure 3. Laboratory calibration results of MSTIR

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图 4 MTES算法流程图

Figure 4. Procedure of MTES algorithm

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图 5 MSTIR测量地表辐亮度和大气下行辐亮度结果

Figure 5. Ground surface and atmospheric downward radiance measured by MSTIR

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图 6 MTES分离算法结果

Figure 6. Separation results of MTES algorithm

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表 1 通道辐射亮度与温度之间的转换系数

Table 1. Conversion coefficients between radiance and temperature of each channel

Channel/Coefficients	a_i	b_i	d_i	n_i
1	334.492	1528.817	0.908	0.984
2	63.688	1803.538	1.980	1.063
3	40.892	1174.543	1.170	0.99957
4	778.984	927.611	4.063	0.913

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表 2 通道发射率结果比较

Table 2. Comparison of channel emissivity

Channel Date	8.2～9.4 μm	10.1～11.1 μm	11.8～12.8 μm	8.0～13.2 μm
Sept. 19, 2020	0.7707	0.9094	0.9624	0.8812
Relative standard deviation	0.012	0.0086	0.001	0.007
Sept. 20, 2020	0.7754	0.9160	0.9693	0.8797
Relative standard deviation	0.009	0.0092	0.002	0.008
Mean	0.7731	0.9127	0.9659	0.8804
Mean deviation	0.0047	0.0066	0.0069	0.0015

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表 3 MSTIR辐射定标不确定度评估

Table 3. Uncertainty analysis of radiometric calibration for MSTIR

Source of uncertainty	Symbol	Uncertainty type	Value
Uncertainty of blackbody temperature	u₁	B	0.058%
Uncertainty of blackbody emissivity	u₂	B	0.10%
Uncertainty of fitting calibration coefficients	u₃	A	0.24%
Non-linear	u₄	A	0.02%
Instability	u₅	A	0.42%
Combined uncertainty	u_c		0.50%

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