微生物采样器采样效率测试方法研究

马晓丽; 邹亚雄; 刘巍; 王婷; 刘文儒; 张明; 刘伟光

doi:10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2023.0340

微生物采样器采样效率测试方法研究

doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2023.0340

青岛市计量技术研究院，青岛 266100

基金项目: 山东省重点研发计划项目（2019JZZY010419）；国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目（2020MK120）；山东省市场监督管理局科研项目（2021-12）；山东计量测试学会科技项目（2021KJ38）。

详细信息

作者简介:
马晓丽（1989-），青岛市计量技术研究院工程师，研究方向：计量测试和气溶胶测量技术，邮箱：maxiaoli1989@yeah.net

通讯作者:
邹亚雄（1963-），青岛市计量技术研究院高级工程师，研究方向：计量测试和气溶胶测量技术，邮箱：zouyaxiong@126.com

中图分类号: TB99
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-08
- 录用日期: 2023-12-16
- 修回日期: 2023-12-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-25

Research on Bioaerosol Sampler Testing Methods for Evaluating Sampling Efficiency

Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266100, China

摘要

摘要: 为更好的满足市场上不同类型的微生物气溶胶采样器测试需求，进一步指导生物气溶胶采样器的设计、制造、实际应用，提升国产生物气溶胶采样器的研发水平和测试精度，介绍了通过发生粒子模拟微生物气溶胶测试微生物采样器采样效率的荧光法和计数法两种测试装置的组成、测试方法以及数据处理步骤等。同时采用两种测试方法对国产的AGI-30微生物采样器和安德森六级微生物采样器进行测试，得到两款采样器的采样效率结果，以及不同采样条件对采样效率的影响。数据结果表明，AGI-30微生物采样器的采样效率随着发生颗粒粒径的增大而增加，对5 μm颗粒的采样效率可达90%以上，且随着采样流量的增大，采样效率逐渐减小。此外，采样时间对采样效率也有明显的影响。安德森六级微生物采样器对8种不同粒径的粒子的采样效率均较高，基本在99%左右，存在随着粒径增大，采样效率增大的趋势。此外，通过两种测试方法的比较，可以明确荧光法和计数法与传统微生物培养法相比较更为简便，且测试过程安全、数据可靠，能够快速得到测试结果。同时荧光法与计数法相比实验过程存在较多步骤，且存在荧光淬灭问题，因此两种方法相比较，可优先选择计数法对生物采样器进行采样效率测试。
- 计量学 /
- 微生物气溶胶 /
- 采样器 /
- 采样效率 /
- 测试方法 /
- 荧光微球
Abstract: To cater to the diverse testing requirements of bioaerosol samplers in the market, and to advance the design, manufacturing, and practical application of these devices, this paper introduces two testing apparatuses — the fluorescence method and the counting method. These methods simulate microbial aerosols to assess the efficiency of microbial samplers. The composition, methodologies, and data processing steps of both testing devices are detailed. Subsequently, these methods were applied to evaluate the sampling efficiency of the domestically produced AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler and the Anderson six-stage microbial sampler under varying conditions. Results show that the AGI-30 sampler's efficiency increases with particle size, exceeding 90% for 5 μm particles, and decreases with higher flow rates. Sampling time also significantly impacts efficiency. The Anderson sampler exhibited high efficiency across eight particle sizes, approximately 99%, with a tendency to increase with particle size. The comparative analysis reveals that the fluorescence and counting methods, being more convenient than traditional microbial-culture methods, offer safe, reliable, and rapid results. The counting method, having fewer steps and no fluorescence quenching issues, is preferred for evaluating the efficiency of biological samplers.
- metrology /
- bioaerosol /
- samplers /
- sampling efficiency /
- testing methods /
- fluorescent microspheres

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图 1 荧光法装置图

Figure 1. Device setup for the fluorescence method

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图 2 计数法装置图

Figure 2. Device setup for the counting method

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图 3 AGI-30采样器的采样效率

Figure 3. Sampling efficiency of the AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler

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图 4 不同采样时间下AGI-30采样器的采样效率

Figure 4. Sampling efficiency of the AGI-30 sampler across various sampling times

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图 5 不同采样流量下AGI-30采样器的采样效率

Figure 5. Sampling efficiency of the AGI-30 sampler at various flow rates

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图 6 安德森微生物采样器荧光显微镜测试

Figure 6. Fluorescence microscopy test of the Anderson microbial sampler

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图 7 不同级数的安德森生物采样器采样效率图

Figure 7. Sampling efficiency of the Anderson bioaerosol sampler at different stages

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图 8 不同级数的安德森生物采样器对不同粒径颗粒的采样效率图

Figure 8. Sampling efficiency of the Anderson bioaerosol sampler for particles of different sizes at various stages

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图 9 聚碳酸酯滤膜显微镜图像

Figure 9. Microscopic image of the polycarbonate filter membrane

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表 1 AGI-30生物气溶胶采样器采样效率结果

Table 1. Sampling efficiency results of the AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler

序号	AGI-30采样器	粒径(μm)	采样效率(%)
1	1号	1	13.4
2	1号	2	40.2
3	1号	3	36.6
4	1号	5	47.7
5	2号	1	20.6
6	2号	2	47.4
7	2号	3	48.4
8	2号	5	90.8
9	3号	1	25.2
10	3号	2	49.4
11	3号	3	61.9
12	3号	5	90.8

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表 2 不同采样时间下AGI-30采样器采样效率

Table 2. Sampling efficiency of the AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler under different sampling times

序号	粒径(μm)	采样时间(min)	采样效率(%)
1	1	5	25.2
2	2	5	49.4
3	3	5	61.9
4	5	5	90.8
5	1	10	10.32
6	2	10	20.46
7	3	10	14.97
8	5	10	8.73
9	1	15	20.6
10	2	15	46.6
11	3	15	26.8
12	5	15	53.3

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表 3 不同采样流量下AGI-30采样器采样效率

Table 3. Sampling efficiency of AGI-30 sampler at different acquisition times

序号	粒径(μm)	采样流量(L/min)	采样效率(%)
1	1	6.2	37.6
2	2	6.2	57.4
3	3	6.2	69.2
4	5	6.2	60.6
5	1	9.0	22.4
6	2	9.0	41.8
7	3	9.0	55.4
8	5	9.0	63.5
9	1	12.5	10.32
10	2	12.5	20.46
11	3	12.5	14.97
12	5	12.5	8.73

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表 4 AGI-30生物气溶胶采样器采样效率结果

Table 4. Sampling efficiency results of the AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler

粒径（μm）	采样效率（%）
粒径（μm）	6级	5级	4级	3级	2级	1级
1.5	98.8	73.5	51.4	48.8	38.7	38.5
2.0	99.5	81.8	56.0	50.2	51.5	44.0
2.2	99.5	99.2	78.3	78.7	76.5	77.1
2.5	99.5	99.6	90.1	89.2	87.4	85.2
2.8	99.6	99.4	95.5	92.9	92.0	89.1
3.0	99.7	99.6	92.2	91.6	90.6	88.4
3.5	99.8	99.6	97.4	91.5	90.0	90.3
4.0	98.5	97.8	97.7	90.6	89.3	89.9

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