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Research of a Monopole Antenna Calibrator Based on Equivalent Capacitance Method
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摘要: 等效电容法是CISPR 16-1-6中给出的单极子天线的主要校准方法，其原理是使用一个等效电容模拟实际的单极子天线振子，进行相应天线系数的校准，该等效电容的电容量与单极子天线自身容量相等。基于等效电容法的工作原理，设计了一款低成本、小型化、高通用性的天线校准器。仿真和实验结果表明，该校准器可以很好适用于9 kHz～30 MHz单极子天线的校准工作。给出了使用该校准器的测量不确定度的评定过程和评定结果，结果表明，采用该装置校准单极子天线的天线系数，测量结果的扩展不确定度约为1.7 dB(k=2)。Abstract: The equivalent capacitance method is the main calibration method for monopole antennas given in CISPR 16-1-6. The principle is to use an equivalent capacitor to simulate an actual monopole element for the calibration of the corresponding antenna factor, and the electric capacity of this equivalent capacitor is equal to the capacity of the monopole antenna itself. Based on the working principle of the equivalent capacitance method, a miniaturized and highly versatile antenna calibrator is designed. Simulation and experimental results show that the calibrator can be well applied to the calibration work of the monopole antenna. The evaluation process and results of the measurement uncertainty of the method are given, and the results show that the extended uncertainty of the measurement results is about 1.7 dB (k=2) when the antenna factor of the monopole antenna is calibrated by this device.
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Key words:
- metrology /
- T-connector /
- monopole antenna /
- rod antenna /
- antenna factor /
- calibration of antenna /
- ECSM
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图 6 T型功分器分压系数仿真和实测结果
Figure 6. Simulation and measured results of voltage division coefficient of T-type power divider
图 9 载入等效电容CE的分压系数仿真结果
Figure 9. Simulation results of the voltage division loaded with CE。
图 11 等效电容法测量单极子天线现场实物图
Figure 11. The actual picture of the monopole antenna measured by ECSM
图 12 不同机构实验结果比对
Figure 12. Comparison of experimental results from different institutions
表 1 单极子天线不确定度汇总表
Table 1. The summary table of uncertainty of calibrating monopole antenna
不确定度来源 值/dB 概率分布 包含因子 灵敏系数 ui/dB 测量$\Delta {S_{21}}$时由网络分析仪引入的${u_{\Delta {S_{21}}}}$ 网络分析仪的非理想性 0.07 正态分布 2 1 0.04 测量端口失配 0.084 U型分布 $ \sqrt 2 $ 1 0.059 T型网络非标准引入的${u_{{\text{T - network}}}}$ 0.038 正态分布 $ \sqrt 3 $ 1 0.022 等效电容CE不准确引入的${u_{{c_{\text{E}}}}}$ 1.31 均匀分布 $ \sqrt 3 $ 1 0.76 天线放大器增益不稳定引入的${u_{{\text{pg}}}}$ 0.10 正态分布 2 1 0.05 天线有效高度引入的${u_{{{c}} - h}}$ 0.34 均匀分布 $ \sqrt 3 $ 1 0.19 S21测量重复性引入的${u_{{\text{repeat}}}}$ 0.3 正态分布 2 1 0.3 
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