计量科学与技术

Research Progress of Rapid Oil Detection Method Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy

LI Ke, DU Biao, XIAO Zhe, CHEN Xiaoxiang, LI Qi, GUO Xiaoyan, LI Qingwu, ZHANG Zhengdong

2022, 66(12): 3-10, 26. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0141

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Abstract:
Gasoline and diesel are widely used petrochemical products in social production. The physicochemical property of gasoline and diesel determines whether the internal combustion engine can maintain normal operation and whether its exhaust emissions meet the standards. As a fast, efficient, accurate, and green analysis method, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been applied to analyze the part of the physicochemical properties of gasoline and diesel. To improve the effect of NIRS in analyzing oil properties and promote the development of this technology, the application of NIRS technology in the detection of typical physicochemical properties of gasoline and diesel, data fusion method based on NIRS, and the development of NIR oil analyzer were reviewed, and the important development directions of NIRS analysis technology were described.

Analysis of Elements Content of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Thin Films by ICP-OES/ICP-MS

WANG Meiling, WANG Hai, REN Danhua, ZHANG Airui, WANG Xiangnan

2022, 66(12): 11-15, 45. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0159

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The key to improving the conversion efficiency of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS, Cu(In,Ga)Se2) thin film solar cells lie in the effective control of elemental content and elemental depth distribution of CIGS absorber layer, and the accurate measurement of elemental content is the basis in the preparation and control process. In this paper, Mo/CIGS thin films were simulatively prepared by magnetron sputtering and three-step thermal evaporation method as samples for elemental content measurement of CIGS thin film solar cell materials, and the study on the accurate determination of CIGS elemental content by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) methods were carried out. It is showed that the pretreatment method and ICP-OES and ICP-MS measurements were accurate and reliable, and the measurement results of the two methods were consistent, with the relative uncertainties of the test methods ranging from 0.8% to 1.3%, which can meet the needs of the industry for accurate measurement of the elemental analysis of CIGS thin films.

Development of Reference Materials for Sulfur Element Content in Isooctane

REN Danhua, ZHANG Airui, WANG Meiling, WANG Xiangnan, WANG Hai

2022, 66(12): 16-20. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0200

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Certified reference materials (CRM) for sulfur content in light oil-GBW(E)110117, which can be used for the calibration of the UV fluorescence sulfur meter and X-ray fluorescence sulfur meter, was developed to solve the problems in the preparation and characterization of the CRM. The CRM is based on isooctane and polysulfide compounds, and was certified by the internationally recognized primary method of isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID ICP-MS), and the homogeneity and stability of the CRM candidates were evaluated by UV fluorescence. The results showed that the certified value and its expanded uncertainty were 10.58 mg/kg and 4.3% (k=2), respectively.

Analysis of Methanol Content in Methanol Gasoline Based on Calibration of Portable Raman Spectrometer

FANG Xu, LI Qi, ZHANG Zhengdong, LI Ke, LI Qingwu, YU Yaqin, LI Shuo, SHU Hui

2022, 66(12): 21-26. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0189

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As an alternative fuel to gasoline, methanol gasoline is economical and environmentally friendly, and its methanol concentration has a significant effect on calorific value, explosion resistance, and combustion efficiency. As a nondestructive, rapid, portable, easy-to-operate, and low-cost analytical method, portable Raman spectroscopy has been applied to the analysis of the methanol content of methanol gasoline. However, the nonlinear Raman frequency-shift demonstration error of portable Raman spectrometers affects the accuracy of analytical modeling. A method for methanol content analysis of methanol gasoline with portable Raman spectrometer calibration is proposed. The polystyrene Raman frequency-shifted reference material is used for multi-point calibration, and a peak detection algorithm is used for the calibration of Raman spectra. Based on two characteristic peaks of methanol, a binary linear regression method is proposed to establish a quantitative analysis model. The prediction results and evaluation indexes of the model show that this method can predict the methanol content more accurately.

Research on Remote Online Intelligent Calibration System for Air Quality Monitoring

YUE Yajun, WANG Zezhang, YE Jing, WANG Defa, YU Rong, WANG Shuo

2022, 66(12): 27-35. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0102

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Based on the existing small six-parameter air quality monitoring station in the scientific research base of a metrology institute, this paper builds a remote online intelligent calibration system for air quality monitoring. The system can realize regular, automatic, and high-frequency verification and calibration of gaseous pollutants SO₂, NO and CO in the environment, and has the functions of remote online dynamic monitoring and automatic data transmission. The experimental results show that the system operates reliably and stably and can meet the requirements of calibration specifications, and can be applied to the online calibration of atmospheric monitoring stations.

Research on Portable Scratch Detection Device for Axis Curved Surface of White Light Confocal Wheel

HUANG Lei, DOU Yanhong, WANG Shuo, GUAN Weiqi, ZHANG Bo, ZHANG Jin

2022, 66(12): 36-40. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0596

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Aiming at the problem of scratch depth detection in the process of locomotive axle maintenance, a portable white light confocal axle surface scratch detection device was designed based on the dynamic exposure compensation method of axle metal surface and scratch area compensation algorithm. Through the systematic and intensive design of the confocal sensor, portable displacement slide and control system, the on-site detection of axle surface scratch was realized. The experimental results show that the device can measure the metal reflective surface with an accuracy of ±1.8 μm. In the precision verification experiment with a standard single-scribed line template, the maximum indication error was −2.3 μm.

Development of Calibration Device for Defibrillator Analyzer Based on Sampling Integral Method

ZHANG Junle, ZHOU Wei, TANG Yuanhui, SHI Leping

2022, 66(12): 41-45. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0663

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A defibrillation analyzer calibration device based on high-speed discrete sampling integral method is introduced. The device directly measures the defibrillation current and voltage at the load end through high-speed sampling, and calculates the actual output energy through integration and summation to realize the metrological traceability. The basic principle, system composition and hardware and software design of the calibration device are described in detail, and the experiments prove that the main technical specifications of the device meet the design requirements.

Design and Implementation of Automatic Calibration System for Microwave Power Sensor

ZHANG Dongyun, SONG Zhenghui, PAN Xiao, HAN Xiaoyu

2022, 66(12): 46-49, 54. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0248

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Microwave power sensor is the primary instrument for measuring microwave power. To ensure the accuracy and consistency of the values, the power sensor needs to be calibrated periodically to trace to the national standards. In order to realize the automatic calibration of the power sensor, an automatic calibration system based on the transmission standard method was designed, the hardware composition and software design method of the system were described, and the automatic calibration and the automatic calculation of the calibration factor and its expanded uncertainty were realized.

Development of a Portable Box-Type Resistance Furnace Calibration Device

WEI Ming, ZHANG Jun

2022, 66(12): 50-54. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0011

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The data acquisition equipment and methods specified in the current calibration specifications can not meet the needs of fast and efficient field testing, and the realization of automatic data processing is the key to the calibration work. In this paper, a calibration device has been developed for each parameter that meets the resistance furnace calibration specification requirements. The device meets the actual working needs and is portable. It can realize automatic data acquisition, store data in the cloud for downloading anytime and anywhere, and generate records and calibration certificates online, which can meet the simultaneous calibration of 2 chamber resistance furnaces, significantly improving the calibration efficiency and the service life of temperature sensors.

Development of a New Durability Test Device for Water Meter

ZHOU Yan, ZHU Ning, CHEN Weijiao, YIN Xinhao

2022, 66(12): 55-60. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0034

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The durability test is an important test item in the water meter type evaluation, and the water meter durability test device is used for the water meter durability test. In this paper, a new water meter durability test device with fully automatic control is designed and developed, and a new method of instantaneous start-stop intermittent flow test without valve control is proposed, which realizes the operation process without valve mechanical loss, reduces the number of maintenance of the device, reduces the test cost and labor intensity, and improves the efficiency of the water meter type evaluation test.

Interference Fringes and Time Interval Measurement Method for Gravimeter Based on Dual Phase-Locked Loop IP Core in FPGA

ZHANG Bo

2022, 66(12): 61-66, 40. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0666

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The principle and method of measuring falling time and distance of the falling body in the absolute gravimeter by FPGA are introduced, and the programmable system-on-chip based on Altera Cyclone IV series EP4CE6E22C8N chip and the implementation process of frequency doubling phase shift timing method are described. The measurement error of the falling body in the gravimeter during a falling process of about 200m is ± 0.6ns. The standard uncertainty of measurement is 0.308ns, and the resolution can reach 0.4ns, which improves the accuracy of the existing absolute gravimeter. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the design are verified by simulation software and experimental data.

Research and Status Quo of Remote Measurement of Electric Vehicle Charging Pile

GAO Haiming, SUN Jiaqi, HUANG Liang, CHEN Wen, ZHAO Yuxiang

2022, 66(12): 67-74, 35. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0667

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The electric vehicle charging pile is developing rapidly as a supporting facility for new energy vehicles, and as a measurement tool for trade settlement, it is also included in the national catalog of compulsory verification instruments. This paper analyzes the problems encountered in the process of compulsory verification of electric vehicle charging piles, collates the requirements of national standards for charging piles, introduces the research progress of Shaoxing Testing Institute of Quality and Technical Supervision and other institutions in the remote measurement and monitoring system of charging piles, and gives an outlook on the development direction of remote measurement and monitoring of charging piles.

2022 Vol. 66, No. 12

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