计量科学与技术

2022, 66(9): 1-1.

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Measuring Device of One-Dimensional Linear Laser Length Measurement Device and its Key Technology

WANG Li, YANG Lu, LI Wenhui, XIAO Ke, SUN Shuanghua

2022, 66(9): 3-11. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0500

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This paper introduces the research results of the critical technologies and devices for one-dimensional linear laser length measurement in the field of geometric measurement, covering the frontiers of metrological technical institutions at home and abroad in the field of one-dimensional lines, measurement capability and range, elemental composition and working principle of the device, as well as the laser interference method for length measurement and the photoelectric microscope method for auto-focusing to achieve fast targeting of line pattern inscriptions. The research status of the one-dimensional linear laser length measurement device in China is elaborated, focusing on the characteristics of the critical technologies applied in the device and the current measurement level and capability. According to the recent technical development of one-dimensional linear measurement in China, the application prospect of one-dimensional linear measurement devices is discussed from two perspectives of line measurement value traceability and equipment manufacturing industry development.

Study on Preparation of Reference Materials with Multimodal Distribution Based on Quasi-Monodisperse Spherical Particles

ZHANG Wenge, LIU Wei, DOU Xiaoliang, CHEN Jinyang

2022, 66(9): 12-16. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0040

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For the comparison and validation of particle size measurement methods, it is necessary to use reference materials with the multimodal distribution that meet certain conditions. There is still a lack of research in this direction. By studying the material and particle size distribution characteristics of the monodisperse particle components, a method for preparing a multimodal distribution reference material using quasi-monodisperse spherical particles is proposed, and the required particle size and number of the monodisperse components are given. The selection basis and requirements of the particle size and number of the required monodisperse components are given, and the parameter calculation and quality control methods in the preparation operation are described in detail. It provides essential support for preparing, popularizing, and applying reference materials with the multimodal distribution.

Study on Absolute Measurement Method of Fluorescence Quantum Efficiency

JIA Zhili, PU Cheng, REN Lingling

2022, 66(9): 17-22, 32. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0190

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Fluorescence quantum efficiency is the ratio of the number of photons emitted by fluorescent materials to the number of photons absorbed, which is used to evaluate the luminescence performance of fluorescent materials. In this paper, aiming at the problems of fluorescence quantum efficiency measurement by the absolute method in reference materials preparation, we studied the four-pass cuvette wide-band matching consistency test method, which eliminates the influence of inconsistent transmission ratio of cuvette incident surface on the measurement of fluorescence quantum efficiency. The measurement method of segmented spectrum acquisition was studied to eliminate the influence of excitation on the emission band and ensure the accuracy of emission band integration. The effect of solvent evaporation in the cuvette on fluorescence quantum efficiency was studied. The sealing of the cuvette can eliminate the influence of volume and concentration fluctuations in the measurement of fluorescence quantum efficiency. These studies provide guidance for the accurate measurement of fluorescence quantum efficiency by the absolute method.

Uncertainty Evaluation of Different Quantitative Calibration Methods for the Determination of Vitamin B12 in Infant Formula

WANG Xuxin, LI Xiaomin, ZHANG Qinghe

2022, 66(9): 23-27, 46. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0089

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In this study, take measurement of the vitamin B12 in infant formula as an example, measurement uncertainty was evaluated through four calibration methods, including standard addition method, standard addition-isotope dilution mass spectrometry method, single point isotope dilution mass spectrometry method, and standard calibration curve isotope dilution mass spectrometry method. The uncertainty evaluation of the four quantitative methods was assessed based on the ISO-GUM guidelines and other uncertainty assessment methods. The uncertainties introduced by the method of repeatability and curve fitting were the primary sources of uncertainty. Furthermore, the uncertainties obtained by the standard addition method were significantly more significant than those obtained by the isotope internal standard method. The comparative study of different quantification methods can lead to a more effective selection of quantification methods and improved measurement accuracy.

Discussion on the Processing of the Ion Activity Coefficient in the Uncertainty Evaluation of pX Measurement Errors

XIU Hongyu, HE Xinyang

2022, 66(9): 28-32. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0276

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pX measurement is usually carried out by laboratory ion meter based on the principle of electrochemical analysis, and the working curve needs to be calibrated with a standard solution before measurement. Since the prepared value of the standard solution for calibration is the concentration value and the instrument response quantity is the activity value, and activity and concentration are two different quantities, the unmeasurable and difference of the activity coefficient make the pX measurement have a large measurement error. In this paper, a processing method of the activity coefficient in the uncertainty assessment of the pX measurement error is discussed, taking the data of one experiment as an example.

Research on Power Loss Calibration Standards for Network Cable Analyzer

ZHOU Xin, TANG Wei, ZHANG Yan, SHEN Qingfei, ZHOU Xuefen, LI Anxiang, DOU Lilan, ZHANG Yanhui, WU Tong

2022, 66(9): 33-39. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0137

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Insertion loss and return loss are the main calibration parameters for network cable analyzers. At present, JJF 1494-2014 Calibration Specification for Network Cable Analyzers provides the corresponding calibration method for category six cables (signal frequency up to 250 MHz). In this paper, based on high-performance RF devices, a power loss calibration standard for network cable analyzer is developed, which is suitable for calibrating parameters of category eight cables (frequency up to 2000 MHz). The vector network analyzer calibrates the above-mentioned standards, and calibration of the high-frequency network cable analyzer is realized.

Optimal Design of the Impact Structure of Spring Impactor Calibration Device Based on Response Surface Method

GAO Jianzhuo, CHEN Long, WANG Ningxi, LUO Xin, CHEN Hui

2022, 66(9): 40-46. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0002

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In order to improve the detection ability of the spring impactor calibration device and reduce the energy loss in the collision process, the impact structure optimization design method based on the response surface method is proposed with the optimization objective of minimizing the deformation of the impact structure and the mass of the components. Optimization results show that the relationship between the impact structure size and the maximum deformation is non-linear, and the relationship with the mass is partially linear. The impact structure of the pendulum meets the strength requirements while the maximum deformation is reduced by 24.59% and the mass is reduced by 12.97%, taking into account the requirements of high strength and light weight, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed impact end optimization method based on response surface curve fitting and multi-objective variable optimization. The response surface curve optimization method improves the optimization efficiency while ensuring the accuracy, and provides a new path for the optimization of the spring impactor calibration device.

Research on Battery Simulator for Measurement and Test of Electric Bicycle Charging Pile

ZHU Jiang, ZHANG lijuan, WEI Pengfei

2022, 66(9): 47-51, 16. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0123

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To solve the problems of long charging and discharging time, low efficiency, high cost, and poor reproducibility in the measurement and test of electric bicycle charging pile, avoid potential safety hazards caused by the use of battery and improve the detection efficiency and reliability of measurement results, a battery simulator based on STM32 and digital adjustable power supply is designed. The simulator consists of MCU control unit, digital adjustable power supply, sampling circuit, channel on/off and polarity switching circuit, programmable load, and other parts. The working principle, module composition, and software control flow of the battery simulator are introduced, and the test data are given. The test results show that the battery simulator has continuous and stable adjustable power supply output and adjustable load, which can better simulate the three-stage charging mode of the battery and meet the measurement and testing needs of the charging pile.

Development of the Online Testing System for the Energy Efficiency of the Water Pump

CHENG Wei, XU Dinghua, LI Changwu, JIANG Jianlin, NI Jinchun

2022, 66(9): 52-58. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0168

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The test object of water pump energy efficiency is largely from the water pump system used in enterprises. The complexity of the application environment of pumps, the dispersion of testing parameters, and the uncertainty of manual testing have brought more significant difficulties to the field testing work. To meet the demand for on-site water pump energy efficiency testing, a portable testing hardware module was constructed based on GB/T 16666-2012 Monitoring and testing for energy saving of motor-pump liquid transport system. A hydraulics and thermodynamics testing module was developed based on Visual Studio to meet the demand for automated testing. The verification test shows that the system has the characteristics of easy portability, high test accuracy, stable and reliable operation, and can provide test data support for the energy-saving technical transformation, energy-saving audit, and energy efficiency benchmarking of water pumps. The verification test shows that the system is easy to carry, has high testing accuracy, stable and reliable operation, and can provide test data support for energy-saving technical reform of pumps, energy-saving audit and energy-efficiency benchmarking, etc.

Influence of Tightening Strategy on the Preload of Threaded Connections of Inertial Devices

CUI Can, GUAN Yao, ZHANG Guorui, XU Zhiqiang, LV Na

2022, 66(9): 59-63, 11. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2021.0643

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The common characteristics of threaded connection structures in inertial devices are small size and high tightening quality requirements. In this paper, a set of tightening test devices for small-size screws was developed to address the problems of large preload error and low control accuracy in the assembly process of small-size screws. The effect of the threshold torque and stepwise tightening on the preload was further investigated. The results show that, compared with the torque method, the torque angle method can improve the accuracy of controlling the preload by about 7%; the selection of the threshold torque when using the torque angle method has a greater influence on the consistency of the preload; stepwise tightening can improve the accuracy of controlling the preload force by the torque method and the torque angle method.

Research on the Application of Control Chart Method in the Stability Assessment of Measurement Standard

WANG Xueli, ZHAO Zuoguang, FU Jie, WANG Xin

2022, 66(9): 64-69. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0117

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The establishment and application of control charts are discussed by taking the stability assessment of the metrological standard of the critical flow venturi nozzle method gas flow standard device as an example. Firstly, the range control chart (R chart) is established based on the statistical control limit. Then, the average control chart ($ \overline x $ chart) is established after the confirmation that the R chart is in a controlled state. And the analysis of control charts is further conducted. Starting from the angle of the requirement of the stability assessment, the target control limits of the $ \overline x $ chart are determined. The calculation method of control limits of the $ \overline x $ chart differs from the method stipulated in the JJF 1033-2016 Rule for the Examination of Measurement Standards. This paper determines the target control limits of the mean value control chart from the perspective of the requirements of stability assessment of metrology standards. The control chart can be used to monitor the changes in the standard values provided by the measurement standard and, based on the requirements of the stability assessment, make intuitive and accurate judgments on the stability of the measurement standard, warn of possible quality loss, and ensure the stability of the measurement standard.

Research on the Importance and Development in the Digital Era of Metrology and Measurement

DOU Chen, ZHOU Zili

2022, 66(9): 70-73. doi: 10.12338/j.issn.2096-9015.2022.0168

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The fundamental tasks of metrology and the critical role of digital metrology in the national economy are studied and discussed through the analysis of the digital transformation of the national economy, and the importance of metrology in the digital world is explained. Through the study of measurement standards and virtual measuring instruments in the digital world and the analysis of the measurement model of real-time remote measurement calibration, guidelines are provided for the development direction of metrology in the new era.

2022 Vol. 66, No. 9

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